Society of Medical Biochemists of Serbia
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Корелација између нивоа серумског TSG-14, ALBP и EGLN1 и тежине дијабетичког макуларног мажорног едема
Objective To investigate the relationships among serum TNF-stimulated gene 14 (TSG-14), Adipocyte Lipid Binding Protein (ALBP), and Egl Nine Homolog 1(EGLN1) levels and the severity of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods A total of 314 patients with DME who were admitted to our hospital from March 2022 to March 2025 were selected (DME group). The patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to their severity. Additionally, 314 patients with simple T2DM who were admitted to our hospital during the same period were selected (T2DM group). The levels of serum TSG-14, ALBP and EGLN1 were detected via ELISA. Logistic analysis was employed to ascertain the determinants of severe DME, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the blood levels of TSG-14, ALBP, and EGLN1 in patients with severe DME. Results There were significant differences in the duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and homocysteine levels between the T2DM group and the DME group (all P < 0.05). Compared with those in the T2DM group, the levels of serum TSG-14, ALBP, and EGLN1 in the DME group were considerably larger (all P < 0.05). Serum TSG-14, ALBP, and EGLN1 levels in the moderate and severe groups were significantly higher (all P < 0.05) than those in the mild group; serum TSG-14, ALBP, and EGLN1 levels in the severe group were significantly higher (all P < 0.05) than those in the moderate group. According to logistic analysis, EGLN1, ALBP, and TSG-14 were risk factors for severe DME (all P < 0.05). When evaluating patients with severe DME, the ROC curve results showed that the AUCs of serum TSG-14, ALBP, and EGLN1 alone and in combination were 0.781, 0.805, 0.817, and 0.950, respectively. The combined evaluation's AUC was higher than the individual evaluation's (Z = 2.699, 2.714, and 2.717, all P < 0.05). Conclusion The levels of TSG-14, ALBP and EGLN1 in the serum of DME patients were dramatically raised. These three signs are related to the severity of the condition. The combination detection approach has certain clinical utility for evaluating patients with severe DME.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Fengjiao Zhang, Meiyi Jiang, Xinyu Liu
Cirkulišući sTREM-1 kao biomarker mijeloidne upale kod raka dojke: dijagnostički i prognostički značaj
Background: Reliable circulating biomarkers reflecting tumor-related immune-inflammatory activation are of increasing interest in clinical biochemistry. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a key amplifier of myeloid-driven inflammatory signaling, and its soluble form (sTREM-1) can be detected in peripheral blood. However, the clinical and biochemical relevance of circulating sTREM-1 in breast cancer remains insufficiently characterized. Methods: This single-center observational study included 132 patients with treatment-naive stage I–III breast cancer, 68 patients with benign breast disease, and 60 healthy controls. Serum sTREM-1 levels were measured in fasting blood samples, together with conventional biochemical and hematological parameters, including C-reactive protein (CRP), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and derived inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII). Associations between sTREM-1 and clinicopathological features, systemic inflammatory markers, and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and prognostic value was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression models. Results: Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with breast cancer compared with both benign disease and healthy controls (P<0.001). Higher sTREM-1 concentrations were associated with increased tumor burden, lymph node involvement, advanced stage, and elevated Ki-67 expression (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated that sTREM-1 was positively associated with CRP, NLR, PLR, and SII, and inversely associated with LMR (all P<0.001), indicating a close link with systemic inflammatory activation. For differentiating breast cancer from benign breast disease, sTREM-1 showed good diagnostic performance (AUC=0.842), which further improved in combination with CA15-3 and NLR (AUC=0.889). During follow-up, elevated sTREM-1 levels were associated with significantly reduced DFS, and multivariate analysis confirmed sTREM-1 as an independent prognostic factor (HR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.01–3.80, P=0.046). Conclusions: Circulating sTREM-1 is significantly increased in breast cancer and reflects myeloid-driven immune-inflammatory activation. As a measurable serum biomarker, sTREM-1 provides clinically relevant information for both auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. These findings support its potential application in clinical biochemistry as a noninvasive indicator of tumor-associated inflammatory responses.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jiazhennan Zhang, A-da-lai-ti· Yasheng, Hu Wang, Yizhen Jia, Xiaoye Ai, Dilixiati· Jinsihan
Dinamički inflamatorno-imuni profili biomarkera povezani sa kliničkim oporavkom kod starijih pacijenata sa teškom pneumonijom: prospektivna studija
Background: Severe pneumonia in elderly patients is characterized by dysregulated inflammatory responses and impaired immune recovery. However, the dynamic interplay between inflammatory–immune biomarkers and clinical recovery remains insufficiently elucidated from a biochemical perspective. Methods: This prospective study included 276 elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Serial measurements of inflammatory biomarkers [C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)] and immune indicators (CD4+ T cells and natural killer cells) were performed at baseline, day 3, and end-of-treatment. Clinical recovery was evaluated using time to clinical stability, oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂), and length of hospital stay. Associations between biomarker dynamics and recovery outcomes were analyzed. Results: All inflammatory biomarkers exhibited significant declines over time, accompanied by partial restoration of immune function. Greater reductions in CRP, PCT, and IL-6 at early time points were associated with faster clinical stabilization and improved oxygenation (all P < 0.01). NLR showed a pronounced early decrease, reflecting attenuation of systemic inflammatory stress. Notably, recovery of CD4+ T cells was significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes (P = 0.001), suggesting coordinated immune reconstitution. Patients with more favorable biomarker trajectories demonstrated shorter hospitalization and earlier transition to clinical stability. These findings indicate that integrated inflammatory–immune biomarker dynamics closely reflect the biological recovery process in severe pneumonia. Conclusions: Dynamic monitoring of inflammatory and immune biomarkers provides valuable biochemical insights into recovery trajectories in elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Combined biomarker profiling may serve as a practical tool for evaluating disease progression and guiding individualized management strategies.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Keling Peng, Leilei Qu, Zirong Zhang
Анализа корелације нивоа ФГФ21 и ТСП2 у серуму у прогнози старијих пацијената са хроничном срчаном инсуфицијенцијом
Objective: Explore the connection between serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and platelet response protein 2 (TSP2) and the prognosis of older people with chronic heart failure. Also, look at how useful it is to detect these two markers together in predicting clinical prognosis to provide a theoretical basis for risk stratification and personalized treatment of chronic heart failure. Method: A prospective cohort study design was adopted. Included were 210 senior patients (65 years of age or older) with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized to the cardiology department of a particular hospital. Based on the patients' serum levels of TSP2 and FGF21. Low FGF21 and low TSP2 groups, low FGF21 and high TSP2 groups, high FGF21 and low TSP2 groups, and high FGF21 and high TSP2 groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the patients' serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), such as worsening heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality, were documented over the two-year follow-up period for each patient. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created to assess the predictive value after the association between blood FGF21 and TSP2 levels and prognosis was examined using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Elderly patients with chronic heart failure had significantly higher serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2, which were positively linked with the NYHA cardiac function classification (P < 0.05). The high FGF21 and high TSP2 groups had a considerably higher incidence of MACEs than the other three groups (P < 0.05). Serum FGF21 and TSP2 levels were found to be independent indicators of outcome in older individuals with chronic heart failure by multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.45–3.82, P < 0.01; HR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24–3.25, P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting the occurrence of MACEs by the combined detection of serum FGF21 and TSP2 was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79–0.82), which was significantly better than that of single marker detection (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prognosis and cardiac function status of elderly patients with chronic heart failure are strongly correlated with serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2. In addition to being a crucial biomarker for risk assessment and tailored care of older individuals with chronic heart failure, combined detection can improve the predictive value for adverse cardiovascular events in these patients.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jiahao Chen, Wenwu Liu, Xinci Zhang, Chenchen Zhu
Glucose-to-Platelet Ratio as a Biochemical Indicator of Metabolic–Coagulation Imbalance and Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A MIMIC-IV Cohort Study
Background: Early identification of high-risk patients with ischemic stroke in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains challenging. Biochemical markers reflecting the interplay between metabolic stress and coagulation–inflammatory pathways may provide improved prognostic value. The glucose-to-platelet ratio (GPR), a composite index derived from routine laboratory parameters, has emerged as a potential indicator of systemic metabolic–coagulation imbalance; however, its prognostic significance in critically ill ischemic stroke patients has not been fully elucidated. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the MIMIC-IV database. Adult patients with ischemic stroke undergoing their first ICU admission and with a length of stay ≥24 hours were included (n = 3686). After excluding patients with missing exposure data, 3536 individuals were analyzed. GPR was calculated as the ratio of the first measured blood glucose (mg/dL) to platelet count (×10⁹/L) within 24 hours of ICU admission. Participants were categorized into quartiles according to GPR levels. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline analyses were employed to evaluate the association between GPR and 28- and 90-day all-cause mortality. Results: In fully adjusted models, each unit increase in GPR was independently associated with increased risks of 28-day mortality (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.21; P=0.009) and 90-day mortality (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17; P=0.002). Compared with the lowest quartile, patients in the highest GPR quartile exhibited significantly elevated risks of 28-day (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.08–1.75; P=0.010) and 90-day mortality (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.54; P=0.034). Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated significantly reduced survival probabilities with increasing GPR levels (log-rank P<0.0001). Restricted cubic spline analyses confirmed a significant positive association between GPR and mortality without evidence of nonlinearity. Conclusions: GPR, as an accessible biochemical marker integrating metabolic stress and coagulation–inflammatory status, was independently associated with short- and intermediate-term mortality in critically ill patients with ischemic stroke. These findings suggest that GPR may serve as a clinically applicable indicator of systemic metabolic–coagulation dysregulation and may contribute to early risk stratification in critical care settings.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jie Peng, Xingzhan Zhang, Huanhuan Wu, Hongzhi Chen, Jianbin Guan, Zhanguo Liu, Xingxing Liu
- Динамичко профилисање мрежа серумских цитокина предвиђа главне нежељене срчане догађаје код инфаркта миокарда са ST-елевацијом
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jun Chen, HuiPing Zheng
Cirkulišući biomarkeri homocisteina, oksidativnog stresa i imunoglobulina kao prediktori postoperativne disfunkcije površine oka kod starijih pacijenata sa kataraktom
Background: Postoperative dry eye is a frequent complication following cataract surgery in elderly patients. Increasing evidence suggests that systemic metabolic imbalance, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation contribute to ocular surface dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of circulating biochemical biomarkers, including homocysteine (Hcy), oxidative stress indicators, and immunoglobulin levels, for postoperative dry eye. Methods: A total of 174 elderly patients undergoing phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation between January 2024 and November 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a postoperative dry eye group (n = 76) and a control group (n = 98). Preoperative serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) were measured. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent biochemical predictors of postoperative dry eye. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of individual and combined biomarkers. Results: Patients who developed postoperative dry eye exhibited significantly higher serum Hcy and IL-6 levels and lower SOD, IgA, and IgG levels compared with controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified elevated Hcy (OR = 1.325), elevated IL-6 (OR = 1.568), decreased SOD (OR = 0.972), and decreased IgG (OR = 0.856) as independent predictors of postoperative dry eye (P < 0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated that the combined biomarker model achieved superior predictive performance (AUC = 0.915) compared with individual biomarkers. Conclusions: Circulating homocysteine, oxidative stress, and immune biomarkers are closely associated with postoperative dry eye in elderly cataract patients. Combined assessment of Hcy, SOD, IL-6, and IgG provides a promising biochemical approach for preoperative risk stratification and early identification of patients at high risk for postoperative ocular surface dysfunction.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Yenan Wang, Xizhe Wang, Zhen Li, Lu Zhang, Huiqing Yang, Xuxiang Zhang
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Xiaoyu Zhao , Muhriddin Pulatov , Shakhlokhon Kurbanova
Анализа корелације серума CRK, CD138 и APL са прогнозом код пацијената са дијабетичком нефропатијом
Objective To explore the relationships between the levels of serum CITRON kinase-related kinase (CRK), syndecan-1 (CD138), and APJ receptor ligand (APL) and renal function and prognosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Methods From November 2023 to November 2025, 306 patients with diabetic nephropathy admitted to the hospital were selected as the study group, while 306 patients with simple diabetes were selected as the simple diabetes group; another 306 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period composed the healthy control group. The levels of serum CRK, CD138, and APL were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between the levels of serum CRK, CD138, and APL and the clinical data of patients with diabetic nephropathy. To examine the variables determining a poor prognosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The prognostic usefulness of serum CRK, CD138, and APL levels for the unfavorable prognosis of individuals with diabetic nephropathy was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Compared with those in the healthy control group, the levels of serum CRK and CD138 in patients in the simple diabetes group and the study group were increased, whereas the level of APL was decreased. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of patients in the study group decreased, and the ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine (UACR) increased. All these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of serum CRK, CD138, and APL and the UACR in the study group were greater than those in the simple diabetes group, whereas the eGFR was lower than that in the simple diabetes group. All these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the levels of serum CRK, CD138, APL, and UACR in the study group were negatively correlated with the eGFR (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with the renal disease stage, creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria, and UACR indicators (P < 0.05). Serum CRK, CD138, and APL levels, as well as the UACR, were higher (P < 0.05) and the eGFR was lower (P < 0.05) in the bad prognosis group than in the good prognosis group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum CRK, CD138, and APL levels all had an impact on patients' prognoses (P < 0.05). The results of the ROC curve analysis revealed that the combined area under the curve (AUC) of serum CRK, CD138, and APL for predicting poor prognosis was significantly greater than that of CRK (Z = 2.857, P = 0.007), CD138 (Z = 2.429, P = 0.018), and APL (Z = 2.175, P = 0.033). Conclusion The levels of CRK, CD138 and APL in the serum of patients with DN increase, and these increases are related to renal function. The combination of these three indicators has greater predictive efficacy for the prognosis of patients.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Yibo Chen, Li Li, Rui Xia
Прогностичка вредност нивоа окс-ЛДЛ у серуму и 25-(ОН)-Д за церебрални едем код пацијената са хипертензивном церебралном хеморагијом
[Objective] To analyze the predictive value of serum oxidation-modified low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)-D] levels before minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) for cerebral edema. [Methods] 300 patients with HICH in our hospital from August 2022 to August 2024 were selected as research subjects. Patients were divided into a high-level ox-LDL group (ox-LDL≥50 μg/dL) and a low-level ox-LDL group (ox-LDL<50 μg/dL) according to their preoperative serum ox-LDL level. The patients were separated into two groups based on the amount of serum 25-(OH)-D: high-level 25-(OH)-D (25-(OH)-D≥30 ng/mL) and low-level 25-(OH)-D (25-(OH)-D<30 ng/mL). The incidence of cerebral edema within 48 hours after surgery was compared among the groups. Following minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in patients with HICH, the predictive value of preoperative serum ox-LDL and 25-(OH)-D levels for cerebral edema was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. [Results] The hematoma volume varied in statistically meaningful ways, fibrinogen level and incidence of cerebral edema among patients with different serum ox-LDL and 25-(OH)-D levels (P<0.05). The results of point–bisenteric correlation analysis revealed that the occurrence of cerebral edema in HICH patients was positively correlated with the serum ox-LDL level (r=0.455, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with the serum 25-(OH)-D level (r=-0.534, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there was a negative correlation between the serum ox-LDL level and the 25-(OH)-D level (r=-0.444, P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of preoperative serum ox-LDL, 25-(OH)-D alone, and combined detection for predicting cerebral edema following minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in patients with HICH were 0.777, 0.768, and 0.839, respectively, according to the results of the ROC curve analysis. The AUC of combined detection was the largest. [Conclusion] Before minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in patients with HICH, the serum ox-LDL level was high, and the 25-(OH)-D level was low. Preoperative serum ox-LDL and 25-(OH)-D levels have high predictive value for cerebral edema after minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in patients with HICH.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Chao Xu, Bo Wang, Niu Liu, Lei Bao
Biohemijsko praćenje - vođeno kliničko upravljanje poboljšava inflamatorne i oksidativne profile stresa kod iznenadnog senzorineuralnog gubitka sluha
Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is strongly linked to dysregulated inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. However, the biochemical impact of applying these biomarkers to guide clinical management remains unclear. This study evaluated whether inflammation- and oxidative stress–based biochemical monitoring can optimize treatment responses and improve clinical outcomes in SSNHL. Methods: A total of 102 patients with SSNHL were randomly allocated to either a routine-management group or a biomarker-guided management group. Serial serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified by ELISA before and after intervention. Hearing thresholds and quality-of-life indices were assessed concurrently. Results: Compared with routine care, biomarker-guided clinical management resulted in significantly greater reductions in CRP (12.33±1.08 vs. 18.76±1.62 mg/L), IL-6 (10.41±1.59 vs. 15.07±1.82 pg/mL), TNF-α (1.67±0.18 vs. 2.86±0.34 ng/mL), MDA (2.16±0.36 vs. 2.83±0.41 μmol/L), and SOD (1.82±0.15 vs. 2.40±0.22 KU/L) (all P < 0.001). These biochemical improvements were accompanied by larger decreases in air-conduction thresholds and better psychological, physical, general health, and social function scores. The incidence of treatment-related complications was also lower in the biomarker-guided group (5.88% vs. 21.57%). Conclusion: Biochemical monitoring of inflammation and oxidative stress pathways provides a structured and mechanism-oriented framework for managing SSNHL. Integrating serial CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, and SOD measurements into clinical decision-making can improve pathophysiological control, promote hearing recovery, and reduce adverse events. These results underscore the importance of biochemical biomarkers as actionable indicators for optimizing SSNHL management.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Yafang Luo, Jiani Wu, Yeting Xie
Серум сCD40L и галектин-3 у прогнозији пацијената са акутним исхемијским можданим ударом
[Objective] To explore the value of serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and galectin-3 (galectin-3) for predicting the therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). [Methods] 180 AIS patients who were admitted to the hospital between March 2023 and March 2025 were chosen to serve as research participants. All patients received emergency treatment with tenalplase (TNK-tPA) combined with Xuesaitong. Based on the therapeutic impact, patients were split into two groups: an effective group and an ineffective group. The levels of serum sCD40L and galectin-3 in the two groups before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment were detected and compared. Following discharge, all patients were monitored for three months, and based on their modified RANKIN scale (mRS) score, those with a good prognosis and those with a bad outlook were divided into two groups. Utilizing multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk factors impacting poor prognosis and inadequate treatment in AIS patients were examined. Serum levels of sCD40L and Galectin-3 were analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine their prognostic value for poor prognosis and ineffective treatment in AIS patients. [Results] Among the 180 research subjects, 146 were effectively treated (effective group), and 34 were ineffective (ineffective group). There were 142 patients with a good prognosis and 38 patients with a poor prognosis, with an incidence of poor prognosis of 21.11%. After four weeks of treatment, serum levels of sCD40L and Galectin-3 were lower in the successful group than in the unsuccessful group (P<0.05). Serum levels of sCD40L and galectin-3 were both greater in the group with a poor prognosis than in the group with a favorable one (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that AIS patients with high serum levels of galectin-3 and sCD40L were at risk for both insufficient treatment and a poor outcome (P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of serum Calectin-3 and sCD40L for predicting treatment ineffectiveness in AIS patients were 0.665 and 0.691, respectively, according to the results of the ROC curve analysis; the corresponding specificities were 70.08% and 77.51%, and the corresponding sensitivities were 62.53% and 62.58%. The AUC for the combined prediction of ineffective treatment in AIS patients by serum Calectin-3 and sCD40L was 0.784, and the specificity and sensitivity were 65.18% and 81.25%, respectively. Serum Galectin-3 and sCD40L had respective AUCs of 0.774 and 0.838 for predicting a bad prognosis in AIS patients; their respective specificities were 67.58% and 75.36%, and their respective sensitivities were 75.06% and 80.04%. The combined prediction of serum Galectin-3 and sCD40L for the poor prognosis of AIS patients was not good. The AUC was 0.919, with a specificity and sensitivity of 60.05% and 90.63%, respectively. [Conclusion] Both the sCD40L level and the serum Galectin-3 level have some prognostic power for poor prognosis and ineffective treatment in AIS patients, and the combined detection of these two indicators can significantly improve the predictive efficacy.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Zhiqin Chen, Quanhua Xiao, Kunqing Luo, Shuping Lin, Zhaoyang Fan, Xianliang Lai
Анализа корелације детекције серума CHI3L1, HMGB1 и CD62E са прогнозом микоплазмне пнеумоније код деце
[Objective] To evaluate the clinical value of serum Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1), and CD62E detection for determining the severity and prognosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children. [Methods] A total of 476 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae who were diagnosed and treated at this hospital from January 2023 to March 2025 were selected as the Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group. The healthy control group consisted of 120 kids who had hospital examinations over the same time period. Serum CHI3L1, HMGB1, and CD62E levels were examined between the Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group and the healthy control group. To investigate the risk factors for a bad outcome in kids infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed. Serum CHI3L1, HMGB1, and CD62E levels were investigated in relation to Mycoplasma pneumoniae severity and their predictive power for a poor outcome. [Results] HMGB1, CD62E, and CHI3L1 serum levels were significantly greater in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group than in the healthy control group (P<0.05), and they increased as Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection severity increased (P<0.05). The proportion of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae with pleural effusion, the proportion of children with a treatment course of ≥7 days, the white blood cell count, the duration of antibacterial drug use, and the levels of serum CHI3L1, HMGB1 and CD62E in the poor prognosis group were significantly greater than those in the good prognosis group (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were seen in CRP levels, age, or sex (P>0.05). Elevated serum CHI3L1, HMGB1, and CD62E levels were found to be independent risk factors for the prognosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by multivariate analysis (P<0.05). The levels of serum CHI3L1, HMGB1 and CD62E have relatively high efficacy in predicting the poor prognosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae patients. The sensitivity of the combined detection of the three was 97.9%, the specificity was 90.2%, and the area under the curve was 0.785, which was significantly greater than that of the individual detection of CHI3L1, HMGB1 and CD62E (Z=3.257, 3.429, 4.650, P<0.05). [Conclusion] The levels of serum CHI3L1, HMGB1 and CD62E are indicators reflecting the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The combined detection method has high efficacy in predicting the poor prognosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae patients.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Hui Yang, Tingli Zhang, Xiaoqi Zhang, Xu Yang , Xiaoan Jiang, Bo Chen
Fizička aktivnost ima značajan uticaj na redoks ravnotežu, pri čemu vrsta fizičke aktivnosti, njen intenzitet i dužina trajanja utiču na proizvodnju slobodnih radikala, uključujući reaktivne vrste kiseonika i azota. Povišen nivo slobodnih radikala može dovesti do oksidativnog stresa. Elitni sportisti, usled napornih treninga i često nedovoljno odmora, posebno su podložni oksidativnom stresu, što može negativno uticati na njihovo zdravlje i sportske performanse. Superoksid dismutaza (SOD) biljnog porekla, kombinovana sa glijadinom izolovanim iz pšenice, je relativno novi dijetetski suplement poznat po svojim antioksidativnim svojstvima. Cilj ovog preglednog rada bio je da se procene efekti suplementacije kombinacijom SOD/glijadin kod sportista. Ispitali smo uticaj ove suplementacije na parametre redoks status, inflamacije, oštećenja mišića i sportske performanse. Generalno, analiza podataka ukazala je na određen nivo povoljnog uticaja na sve posmatrane parametre zdravlja i performansi sportista. Čini se da efekti suplementacije zavise od vrste sporta, statusa utreniranosti sportiste i dizajna studije suplementacije. Međutim, objavljeno je veoma malo studija na ovu temu; stoga su potrebna dalja istraživanja kako bi se razjasnile potencijalne koristi suplementacije SOD/gliadinom u populaciji sportista. Buduće studije bi trebalo da uključe veći broj učesnika uz suplementaciju u kontrolisanim uslova sa standardizovanim režimima doziranja, omogućavajući robusnije, uporedljivije i pouzdanije rezultate.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Olina Dudašova Petrovičova, Brižita Đorđević, Vanja Todorović
Dijagnostička i prognostička vrednost serumske laktat dehidrogenaze i amilaze u teškom akutnom pankreatitisu: klinička procena zasnovana na biohemiji
Summary Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is characterized by extensive acinar-cell injury, metabolic dysregulation, and systemic inflammatory activation. Reliable biochemical markers for early risk stratification remain limited. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and amylase (AMY), routinely measured enzymes reflecting cellular damage and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction, may provide prognostic value. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum LDH and AMY in identifying SAP and predicting short-term outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study included 200 patients with acute pancreatitis. Serum LDH and AMY were measured on admission using standardized clinical chemistry assays with internal quality control. Patients were categorized as MAP, MSAP, or SAP, and SAP cases were further stratified into good and poor 2-week prognosis groups. Logistic regression and ROC analyses were used to determine the predictive value of LDH and AMY. Results: LDH and AMY levels increased significantly with disease severity (P<0.05). Both biomarkers were independent predictors of SAP (LDH OR=1.644; AMY OR=1.670) and poor prognosis (LDH OR=1.684; AMY OR=1.730). Combined LDH+AMY demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for SAP (AUC=0.854) and short-term poor prognosis (AUC=0.884), outperforming individual markers. Conclusions: Serum LDH and AMY are clinically valuable biochemical indicators for early identification of SAP and prediction of short-term outcomes. Their combined use significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy, supporting their integration into early biochemical risk assessment models.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jie Zheng, Jin Wang, Yinong Zhou, Tingting Yu
Polimorfizmi gena MTHFR i njihove biohemijske asocijacije sa vitaminom D u serumu i IL-17 u ulceroznom kolitisu
Background: Disturbances in homocysteine metabolism and immune-inflammatory pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a central biochemical role in homocysteine remethylation, and its genetic variants may influence downstream biomarkers such as vitamin D and interleukin-17 (IL-17). This study examined the associations of three MTHFR polymorphisms (rs110298, rs132981, rs167281) with UC susceptibility, disease characteristics, and related biochemical markers. Patients and methods: A total of 124 UC patients and 128 healthy controls were enrolled. Genotyping of MTHFR SNPs was performed by PCR amplification followed by ligase detection reaction. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and IL-17 levels were quantified by ELISA. Associations between MTHFR genotypes, UC onset, disease location, severity, and biochemical markers were statistically evaluated. Results: All polymorphisms conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The rs110298 GG genotype and rs132981 TT genotype were significantly more frequent in UC patients than controls (P < 0.05), whereas rs167281 showed no association with UC. Both rs110298 and rs132981 were linked to UC disease location and severity (P < 0.05). UC patients exhibited significantly reduced serum vitamin D and elevated IL-17 levels compared with controls (P < 0.05). Importantly, rs110298 (AG/GG) and rs132981 (TT) genotypes were associated with lower vitamin D and higher IL-17 concentrations in UC patients (P < 0.05), indicating a biochemical effect of MTHFR variants on inflammatory and immunomodulatory pathways. Conclusions: MTHFR polymorphisms rs110298 and rs132981 are significantly associated with UC susceptibility and clinical phenotype and exert measurable biochemical effects on serum vitamin D and IL-17 levels. These findings highlight the potential value of MTHFR-related pathways as biomarkers for disease characterization and as mechanistic contributors to UC-related immune dysregulation.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Guang Chen, Meihong Yan, Xiaoyang Hu, Hanfei Xu, Shengai Piao
Cirkulišući lncRNA DRAIC kao potencijalni biomarker seruma za predviđanje limfnog i vaskularnog širenja kod raka pankreasa
Background: Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its aggressive behavior and poor prognosis, largely due to delayed diagnosis and early dissemination. Identifying reliable serum biomarkers could enhance early detection and risk stratification. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as regulators of tumor biology, however, the clinical and biochemical relevance of lncRNA DRAIC in pancreatic cancer has not been fully elucidated. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 100 patients diagnosed with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to quantify the circulating DRAIC expression levels. We analyzed the associations between serum DRAIC levels and clinicopathological characteristics, including vascular involvement and lymph node metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to assess the diagnostic and predictive performance of DRAIC. Paired serum samples obtained before and after surgical resection were additionally analyzed. Results: Serum DRAIC expression was significantly elevated in patients with pancreatic cancer compared with controls. ROC analysis demonstrated robust diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.943). Elevated DRAIC levels were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and vascular involvement. DRAIC showed strong predictive performance for lymph node metastasis (AUC = 0.906), whereas its predictive value for vascular involvement was moderate. Notably, serum DRAIC levels were significantly reduced following surgical resection. Conclusion: Circulating lncRNA DRAIC is markedly dysregulated in pancreatic cancer and demonstrates potential utility as a serum-based biochemical biomarker, particularly for evaluating lymph node metastasis. These findings provide a basis for further mechanistic studies and validation in larger cohorts.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Ying Che, Ting Zhang, Jing Li, Xiao Jiang, Chao Li, Wei Li
Kardiometabolički parametri i novi hematološki indeksi kod žena sa migrenom
Cilj: Patofiziološki aspekt migrene nije do kraja rasvetljen. Pretpostavlja se da se inflamacija nalazi u osnovi ovog oboljenja. Cilj istraživanja je da se ispitaju metabolički i novi hematološki parametri kod pacijenata sa migrenom. Metode: U istraživanje je uključeno ukupno 50 žena kod kojih je dijagnostikovana migrena. Ispitanice su regrutovane u bezbolnim periodima, tj. između napada bola. Kontrolnu grupu činilo je 25 zdravih žena, uparenih po godinama starosti. MIDAS skor (engl. Migraine Disability Assessment score) je izračunat. Rezultati: Žene sa migrenom su imale veći nivo mokraćne kiseline (P=0,045) i veću aktivnost transaminaza, AST (P<0,001) i ALT (P=0,003). Uočen je statistički značajno niži broj neutrofila i RDW-CV (%), kao i veći broj trombocita i vrijednost PCT. Kada su u pitanju izvedeni hematološki parametri, NLR, dNLR, M-GLR i PDW/PCT su bili statistički značajno niži u grupi žena oboljelih od migrene u poređenju sa pripadnicama kontrolne grupe, dok je PNR bio značajno viši u grupi sa migrenom. Od ispitivanih hematoloških pokazatelja izdvojio se PNR koji je pokazao odličnu dijagnostičku tačnost (AUC=0,727), dok su ostali parametri (RDW, PLT, neutrofili, PDW/PCT, NLR, dNLR, M-GLR) pokazali dobru dijagnostičku tačnost (0,600<AUC<0,700). Najveći broj žena koje boluju od migrene (52,9%) je imao vrijednost MIDAS skora od 11-20. Kreatinin je pokazao dobru dijagnostičku tačnost u predviđanju visokog MIDAS skora (AUC=0,678). Zaključak: Žene koje boluju od migrene imaju nepovoljniji kardiometabolički status od zdravih žena. Parametri krvne slike i parametri izračunati iz njih imaju dobru dijagnostičku tačnost za oboljele od migrene, ekonomski su isplativi i lako dostupni.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Aleksandra Klisic, Ana Tmusic
Integrisani biomarkeri za remodeliranje upale-imunog-matriksa za dijagnozu i stratifikaciju stadijuma primarnog karcinoma grkljana
Background: aryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is characterized by complex interactions among systemic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Circulating biomarkers reflecting these biological processes may provide valuable tools for disease detection and stratification; however, their integrated diagnostic value in primary LSCC remains insufficiently defined. Methods: We conducted a case–control study including 50 treatment-naïve LSCC patients and 50 healthy controls. Levels of YKL-40, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in serum were quantified using ELISA. Systemic inflammation was evaluated via the CRP/albumin ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed the diagnostic performance of individual and combined biomarkers, and associations with tumor stage were analyzed according to the AJCC 8th edition. Results: LSCC patients exhibited significantly higher serum levels of YKL-40 (112.6 ± 28.4 vs. 54.3 ± 15.7 ng/mL), suPAR (4.32 ± 0.98 vs. 2.15 ± 0.61 ng/mL), and MMP-9 (386.5 ± 82.3 vs. 201.7 ± 56.9 ng/mL), along with increased CRP/Alb ratio (0.186 ± 0.072 vs. 0.062 ± 0.028) and NLR (3.21 ± 1.04 vs. 1.68 ± 0.52) (all P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for individual biomarkers (AUC values 0.74 to 0.85), while MMP-9 showed the highest individual performance (AUC = 0.85). An integrated multivariate model combining YKL-40, suPAR, MMP-9, CRP/Alb ratio, and NLR achieved superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.92), with 88.0% sensitivity and 90.0% specificity. Furthermore, advanced-stage patients had higher levels of YKL-40, suPAR, and MMP-9 than early-stage patients (P < 0.001), indicating a close association between biomarker expression and tumor progression. Conclusions: An integrated panel of inflammation–immune–matrix remodeling biomarkers is markedly dysregulated in primary LSCC and demonstrates strong diagnostic and stage-stratification value. The combined biomarker model outperforms individual markers, supporting its utility in clinical evaluation and risk assessment.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Kaisheng Lin, Jiongcong Yuan, Ying Wang
Efekti nutritivne intervencije na inflamatorne biomarkere povezane sa insulinskom rezistencijom i polimorfizmima gena u gestacijskom dijabetes melitusu
Background: Insulin resistance is a central biochemical abnormality in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and is closely linked to chronic low-grade inflammation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adiponectin (APN), play key roles in metabolic dysregulation during pregnancy. This study investigated the effects of nutritional intervention on insulin resistance–related inflammatory biomarkers and their gene polymorphisms in pregnant women with GDM. Methods: In this retrospective comparative cohort study, 400 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center between October 2023 and December 2024 were enrolled and assigned to a conventional treatment group (CT, n = 200) or a nutritional intervention group (NC, n = 200). Both groups received standard glycemic management, while the NC group additionally underwent individualized nutritional intervention. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and APN were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and polymorphisms of the corresponding genes were analyzed using fluorescence quantitative PCR. Glycemic and lipid parameters were evaluated concurrently. Clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcomes were assessed as secondary endpoints. Results: The genotype distributions of TNF-α, IL-6, and APN showed no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). Baseline inflammatory, glycemic, and lipid indices were comparable between groups. After intervention, both groups demonstrated significant improvements in inflammatory markers, blood glucose, and lipid profiles compared with baseline (P < 0.05). Notably, post-treatment levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower, while APN levels were more favorably regulated in the NC group compared with the CT group (P < 0.05). The NC group also exhibited superior metabolic control and a lower incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion: Nutritional intervention significantly improves insulin resistance–associated inflammatory and metabolic profiles in pregnant women with GDM, independent of TNF-α, IL-6, and APN gene polymorphisms. These findings highlight the biochemical benefits of nutritional modulation in attenuating inflammation and improving metabolic homeostasis in GDM.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Jiayu Li, Lili Sun, Linjing Zhang
Klinički biohemijski značaj ekspresije STAT6, ERG i miR-647 u raku prostate: povezanost sa agresivnošću tumora i prognozom pacijenta
Background: Reliable molecular indicators that can facilitate early detection and prognosis prediction in prostate cancer are still insufficient. Although Transcription 6 (STAT6), ERG, and microRNA-647 (miR-647) have recently been recognized as key participants in tumor-related signaling pathways, their specific biochemical functions in the context of prostate cancer have yet to be clearly defined. This study evaluated the expression profiles of STAT6 mRNA, ERG mRNA, and miR-647 in prostate cancer tissue and explored their associations with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes. Methods: Surgical specimens were obtained from 70 patients, including both prostate cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent non-tumorous counterparts. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to measure STAT6 mRNA, ERG mRNA, and miR-647 expression. The relationships between biomarker expression and clinical parameters—including age, tumor diameter, lymph node involvement, T stage, and pathological differentiation—were examined. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves with log-rank comparisons, while Spearman correlation analysis was employed to determine the associations among the examined molecular markers. Results: Levels of STAT6 mRNA, ERG mRNA, and miR-647 were markedly higher in prostate cancer specimens than in the paired non-tumorous tissues (P<0.05). Elevated expression of these molecules corresponded to the presence of lymph node metastasis, higher T stage, and unfavorable histological differentiation, whereas no significant associations were observed with patient age or tumor dimensions. Patients with high STAT6, ERG, or miR-647 expression exhibited significantly reduced OS and PFS compared with low-expression groups (all P<0.05). miR-647 expression positively correlated with STAT6 mRNA (r=0.867) and ERG mRNA (r=0.724) (P<0.05). Conclusion: STAT6, ERG, and miR-647 exhibit pronounced overexpression in prostate cancer, and their elevated levels are closely linked to more aggressive tumor behavior and unfavorable clinical outcomes. Their coordinated dysregulation suggests a potential molecular axis involved in prostate cancer progression. These molecular indicators have the potential to enhance biochemical risk stratification and support more refined molecular assessments in routine clinical settings.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Xin Hong, Lin Zhao, Tian Wang, Xiaobing Yang, Changzhen Hao
Biohemijske promene u zapaljenju, oksidativnom stresu i urinarnim biomarkerima povezanim sa oštećenjem bubrega u sistemskom eritematoznom lupusu
Background: Renal damage is a major complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is closely linked to biochemical disturbances involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and renal tubular injury. However, the biochemical signatures that differentiate SLE patients with and without renal involvement remain insufficiently characterized. To evaluate the biochemical profiles of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and urinary renal-injury biomarkers in SLE patients with and without renal damage, and to explore their associations with microbial alterations. Methods: Sixty-four SLE patients were classified into a renal damage group (n = 36; positive urine protein) and an SLE-only group (n = 28; negative urine protein). Serum cytokines (TGF-β, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1β) and oxidative stress indicators (SOD, T-AOC, MDA) were quantified using ELISA. Urinary microprotein, microglobulin, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were used as biochemical markers of renal injury. Oral and intestinal microbial profiles were analyzed by sequencing, and correlations between biochemical markers and microbial alterations were assessed. Results: SLE patients with renal damage showed significantly elevated urinary microprotein, microglobulin, and NAG (all p < 0.001). Inflammatory cytokines were markedly increased in the renal damage group (TGF-β, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1β; all p < 0.05), whereas oxidative stress capacity was significantly reduced (SOD, T-AOC, MDA; all p < 0.05). Several microbial taxa correlated positively or negatively with key biochemical markers, suggesting potential metabolic-immune interactions contributing to renal injury. Conclusions: Renal damage in SLE is characterized by distinct biochemical abnormalities involving intensified inflammation, impaired antioxidant defenses, and elevated urinary renal-injury biomarkers. These biochemical changes, together with specific microbial shifts, may contribute to the progression of SLE-related renal impairment and hold diagnostic value for early biochemical screening.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Rui Zhang, Yiyang Yu, Guangxu Liu, Zhongqiu Luan
Tenascin-C, presepsin (sCD14-ST) i odnos neutrofila i limfocita kao komplementarni cirkulišući biomarkeri za disfunkciju organa povezanu sa sepsom i smrtnost od 28 dana: prognostički model obogaćen biomarkerima
Background: Sepsis is characterized by dysregulated host responses with subsequent organ dysfunction. Conventional biomarkers (e.g., procalcitonin) incompletely reflect tissue injury and immune activation. We evaluated the clinical laboratory value of circulating Tenascin-C (TNC), presepsin (sCD14-ST), and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as complementary biomarkers of organ dysfunction severity and short-term prognosis in sepsis. Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled 103 adult ICU patients fulfilling Sepsis-3 criteria (June 2023–June 2025). Peripheral blood was collected within 12 h of ICU admission. Serum TNC was measured by ELISA; sCD14-ST was quantified by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay; NLR was calculated from routine blood counts. Associations with organ dysfunction were assessed using Spearman correlation with SOFA scores. Independent associations with 28-day all-cause mortality were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Predictive performance of a clinical baseline model (age, SOFA, PCT) versus a biomarker-enriched model (baseline + TNC, sCD14-ST, NLR) was evaluated by ROC analysis. Results: TNC, sCD14-ST, and NLR were higher in septic shock than sepsis and were elevated in non-survivors versus survivors (all P < 0.05). TNC showed the strongest correlation with SOFA (r = 0.466, P < 0.001), followed by sCD14-ST (r = 0.352, P < 0.001) and NLR (r = 0.299, P = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, TNC, sCD14-ST, and NLR remained independently associated with 28-day all-cause mortality. The biomarker-enriched model improved discrimination compared with the baseline model (AUC 0.928 vs. 0.867), with higher sensitivity (84.4% vs. 71.9%). Conclusions: Admission TNC, sCD14-ST, and NLR capture complementary biochemical dimensions of sepsis (tissue injury, innate immune activation, and immune imbalance) and improve risk stratification for organ dysfunction and 28-day all-cause mortality when added to routine clinical variables. These findings support a pragmatic, laboratory-based multimarker approach for early prognostic assessment in sepsis. Keywords: Tenascin-C; Presepsin (sCD14-ST); Sepsis-associated organ dysfunction; Biomarker-based risk stratification; 28-day all-cause mortality.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Yuxiang Xie, Chengzhi Xie
Анализа укорељености серума FGF9, сестрина 2 и ХБДХ са тежином сепсе
Objective: To explore the correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor 9(FGF9), Sestrin2 and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) and the severity of sepsis, and to analyze the predictive value of FGF9, Sestrin2 and HBDH for clinical outcome. Methods: A retrospective examination of 125 patients with sepsis admitted to our institution between May 2022 and May 2025 was carried out. According to the severity of the disease, There were 50 cases in the septic shock group and 75 cases in the sepsis group. According to the clinical outcomes of the patients, they were divided into a death group of 103 cases and a survival group of 22 cases. Observe the levels of serum FGF9, Sestrin2 and HBDH in each group. Analysis of the relationships between FGF9, Sestrin2, HBDH, and the severity of sepsis was done using the Spearman correlation coefficient model. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the factors influencing the prognosis of patients with sepsis were investigated. FGF9, Sestrin2, and HBDH were evaluated for their prognostic usefulness for the prognosis of sepsis patients using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Compared with the sepsis group, The level of FGF9 in the septic shock group was lower [(122.41±21.45) pg/mL vs (145.36±23.68) pg/mL], while the levels of Sestrin2 and HBDH were both higher [(15.75±2.34) ng/mL] vs (8.36 + 0.93) ng/mL, (232.14-34.77) U/L vs (166.25 + 24.85) U/L], the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the survival group, The level of FGF9 in the death group was lower [(112.05±20.61) pg/mL vs (133.25±22.14) pg/mL], while the levels of Sestrin2 and HBDH were both higher [(19.25±2.85)ng/mL] vs (12.42 + 2.33) ng/mL, (261.25-37.25) U/L vs (204.25 + 32.18) U/L]. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis showed that FGF9 was negatively correlated with the severity of sepsis (P<0.05), whereas the degree of sepsis was positively connected with both Sestrin2 and HBDH (P<0.05). Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), procalcitonin, FGF9, Sestrin2, and HBDH are risk factors that impact the prognosis of sepsis patients, according to multivariate logistics regression analysis (P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the combined detection of FGF9, Sestrin2 and HBDH had a better predictive effect on the prognosis of patients with sepsis (P<0.05). Conclusion: The amount of FGF9 in septic shock patients is comparatively low, while the levels of Sestrin2 and HBDH are relatively high. As the severity of the disease increases, the level of FGF9 gradually decreases, while the levels of Sestrin2 and HBDH gradually increase, which have a certain correlation with the severity of the disease. The prognosis of sepsis patients can be ascertained by measuring the levels of FGF9, Sestrin2, and HBDH.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Jian He, Xinru Lin, Xiang Ding, Maoxia Liu
Urinarni biomarkeri u ranoj dijagnozi dijabetesne bolesti bubrega i dijabetesne retinopatije
Uvod/Cilj Urinarni biomarkeri predstavljaju značajne indikatore renalne lezije kod pacijenata sa dijabetesom tipa 2, a pojedini od njih mogu ukazivati i na rani nastanak mikrovaskularnih komplikacija.Dijabetesna bolest bubrega (DBB) je najčešća mikrovaskularna komplikacija dijabetesa i vodeći uzrok hronične bubrežne bolesti i terminalne bubrežne insuficijencije. Iako je mikrolabuminurija prihvaćeni rani marker bubrežnog oštećenja, njena ograničena snzitivnosti i specifičnost nameću potrebu za novim urinarnim biomarkerima koji bi omogućili raniju dijagnozu renalnog oboljenja. Cilj ove studije bio je da se proceni da li urinarni kolagen tip IV, transferin i vezujući protein masnih kiselina jetre (L-FABP) mogu poslužiti kao rani biomarkeri dijabetesne bolesti bubrega, kao i da se ispita njihova povezanost sa dijabetesnom retinopatijom Metode Studija je uključila 80 pacijenata sa dijabetesom tipa 2, podeljenih u dve grupe: grupa 1 – normoalbuminurični (≤30 mg/dan) i grupa 2 – mikroalbuminurični (30–300 mg/dan). Deset zdravih osoba je služilo kao kontrolna grupa. Svi ispitanici su bili stariji od 18 godina, sa trajanjem dijabetesa dužim od jedne godine I procenjenom jačinom glomerulske filtracije (eGFR) >60 ml/min/1,73 m². Koncentracije kolagena tip IV, transferina i L-FABP određivane su u 24-časovnim i prvim jutarnjim uzorcima urina primenom visoko senzitivnih ELISA testova. Statistička analiza obuhvatila je poredjenje grupa, testiranje korelacija I procenu dijagnostičkih performansi pomoću ROC krive. Rezultati Urinarne koncentracije svih ispitivanih biomarkera su bile zanemarljive kod zdravih kontrola, ali su bile značajno više kod mikroalbuminuričnih u poređenju sa normoalbuminuričnim pacijentima (p < 0.05). Najveći dijagnostički potencijal za rano otkrivanje DKD imao je kolagen tip IV (90,4%). Svi biomerkeri su pokazali pozitivnu korelaciju sa prisustvom DKD, dok je urinarni transferrin dodatno bio povezan sa dijabetesnom retinopatijom. Zaključak Urinarni kolagen tipa IV, transferin i L-FABP predstavljaju obećavajuće rane biomarkere dijabetesne bubrežne bolesti, sa većim dijagnostičkim potencijalom u poređenju sa albuminurijom. Pored toga, urinarni transferin može služiti kao neinvazivni marker za rano otkrivanje dijabetesne retinopatije, što potvrđuje njegovu ulogu u praćenju mikrovaskularnih komplikacija kod pacijenata sa dijabetes melitusom tipa 2.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Brankica Terzic
Утицај серумске стерол сулфотрансферазе, ANGPTL8 и SDC1 на функцију јетре код пацијената са интрахепатичном холестазом током трудноће
[Objective] To explore the relationships between serum Sterol Sulfotransferase, Recombinant Angiopoietin Like Protein 8 (ANGPTL8), and Recombinant Syndecan (SDC1) and liver function in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), as well as their influence on perinatal outcomes. [Methods] The control group consisted of 200 healthy pregnant women who had physical tests over the same time period, while the study group consisted of 210 ICP patients who were admitted to our hospital between June 2023 and December 2024. The study group's and the control group's serum Sterol Sulfotransferase, ANGPTL8, SDC1, and liver function markers were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between the levels of serum Sterol Sulfotransferase, ANGPTL8, and SDC1 and various liver function indicators. The patients in the study group were divided into a poor outcome group (86 patients) and a good outcome group (124 patients) according to perinatal outcomes. Serum Sterol Sulfotransferase, ANGPTL8, and SDC1 levels were examined between the groups with negative and positive outcomes. The factors predicting unfavorable perinatal outcomes in patients with ICPs were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. [Results] Despite having a lower serum Sterol Sulfotransferase level, the study group had higher levels of ANGPTL8 and SDC1 than the control group. P<0.05 indicated that the differences were statistically significant. The study group's levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were considerably higher than the control group's (P<0.05). The findings of the Pearson correlation analysis showed that while the levels of ANGPTL8 and SDC1 were positively connected with the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP (P<0.05), the level of serum Sterol Sulfotransferase was adversely connected with these levels. Compared to the group that experienced a positive outcome, the unfavorable outcome group's serum Sterol Sulfotransferase level was lower, whereas SDC1 and ANGPTL8 levels were greater than those in the group with favorable results. Decreased serum Sterol Sulfotransferase levels (≤23 μmol/L), increased ANGPTL8 levels (≥650 pg/mL), and poor perinatal outcomes were associated with elevated SDC1 levels (≥53 ng/mL) in patients with ICP (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Serum Sterol Sulfotransferase, ANGPTL8 and SDC1 are closely related to liver function and perinatal outcomes in patients with ICP. As the level of serum Sterol Sulfotransferase decreases and the levels of ANGPTL8 and SDC1 increase, it can lead to aggravated liver function impairment in patients with ICP, and it leads to adverse perinatal outcomes.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Qixin Wang, Ming Wang, Wenqi Wu
Serum Omentin-1 and CS846: Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Post-TKA Functional Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis
Objective: To determine the synergistic diagnostic value of serum Omentin-1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein epitope CS846 (CS846) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to explore their link to functional recovery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), thereby contributing to improved early screening and prognostic strategies. Methods: We designed a prospective cohort study involving 84 subjects (42 with KOA and 42 healthy controls). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was employed to measure serum Omentin-1, CS846, and inflammatory indices (hs-CRP and ESR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves determined diagnostic efficacy, and a logistic regression model was established for combined diagnosis. Functional outcomes, measured by WOMAC scores, and rehabilitation status was reviewed 6 months post-surgery. Results: Analysis revealed reduced Omentin-1 and elevated CS846 in KOA patients versus controls. The diagnostic performance (AUC=0.851) of the biomarker combination surpassed that of individual tests. Patients with KL1-2 grades exhibited elevated Omentin-1 but lower CS846 levels compared to those with KL3-4 grades (P<0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between Omentin-1 and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, ESR), contrasting with the positive correlation for CS846. Post-treatment, poor recovery was associated with more pronounced decreases in Omentin-1 and increases in CS846 (P<0.05). The combined model effectively predicted suboptimal rehabilitation outcomes (AUC=0.857). Conclusion: The synergistic use of serum Omentin-1 and CS846 biomarkers boosts early detection capability for KOA while accurately forecasting post-TKA functional outcomes.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Yingzhao Qi, Zhixin Liu, Fengli Sun, Ran Liu, Jianfeng Deng, Longfei Hao, Jiayu Wang, Juyuan Gu
Correlation of Bone Metabolism with Serum Pain Mediators and Inflammatory Cytokines in Knee Osteoarthritis and Their Role in Predicting Suboptimal Rehabilitation Outcomes
Objective: The present study was designed to investigate how bone metabolism markers—specifically Procollagen Type I N-Terminal Propeptide (PINP) and C-Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTX)—correlate with serum pain mediators (Prostaglandin E₂ [PGE₂], Norepinephrine [NE], Substance P [SP]) and inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β [IL-1β], Interleukin-6 [IL-6], Tumor Necrosis Factor-α [TNF-α]) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A further aim was to develop a multi-biomarker predictive model for identifying patients at risk of suboptimal rehabilitation outcomes to guide targeted clinical management. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 184 KOA patients and an equal number of matched healthy controls were enrolled between January 2023 and May 2024. Using baseline serum, biomarker levels were assessed; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was employed for all analytes except SP, which was determined by radioimmunoassay. The primary endpoint, suboptimal rehabilitation outcome, was determined as either a <30% enhancement in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score or a <2-point decrease on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Model construction utilized multivariate logistic regression, with its performance evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, obtaining the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. Results: KOA patients exhibited significantly lower serum PINP levels but elevated levels of CTX, PGE₂, NE, SP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to controls (P<0.05). PINP demonstrated significant inverse correlations with the pain and inflammatory biomarkers, while CTX showed strong positive correlations with them (P<0.05). The integrative logistic regression model, integrating PINP, CTX, inflammatory cytokines, and pain mediators, demonstrated excellent predictive value for poor outcomes, with an AUC of 0.862, 83.58% sensitivity, and 78.63% specificity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dysregulated bone metabolism (characterized by low PINP and high CTX) in KOA is significantly linked to heightened expression of pain-associated and inflammatory markers. A combined panel of these biomarkers serves as an effective tool for predicting individuals likely to experience suboptimal rehabilitation results.
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2025 Yan Tao, Nan Cai, Juxia Zhang, Yaoping Zhao, Yan Zhou, Pengfei Liu