Sažetak
U Institutu za krmno bilje (Pleven, Bugarska) u periodu 2015-2017 izveden je poljski ogled kako bi se ispitao uticaj prirodnih proizvoda na brojnost Acyrthosiphon pisum, kao i promene u hemiskom sastavu, sadržaju komponenti biljnih vlakana i degradaciju enzima u krmnom grašku. Tretmani prirodnim insekticidima Madex i Agricolle primenjeni su samostalno i u kombinaciji sa organskim đubrivima Lithovit i Nagro dva puta, na početku cvetanja i nedelju dana kasnije. Primenjena đubriva su ekološki bezbedna i odobrena za primenu u organskoj proizvodnji. Sintetičko folijarno đubrivo Kristalon i insekticid Proteus 110 OD, bili su primenjeni
uporedno. Primena prirodnih preparata samostalno ili u kombinaciji dovelo je do redukcije brojnosti zelene graškove vaši. Primena Agricolle sa Nagro, a zatim Lithovit sa Agricolle, dovela je do najvećeg smanjenja brojnosti vaši (70.0 i 51.1%, respektivno). Optimalna kombinacija smanjenja sadržaja biljnih vlakana ćelijskog zida, celuloze i stepena lignifikacije sa značajnim povećanjem enzimske svarljivosti in vitro dobijena je nakon primene preparata Agricolle sa Lithovit, kao i Agricolle sa Nagro. Svarljivost je dostigla 71.8 i 69.8%, respektivno, što je porast od 8.2-5.2%, dok su ADF, celuloza i stepen lignifikacije opali 7.1 i 7.7%, 8.0 i 23.4%, 10.5 i 6.8%, respektivno. U poređenju sa tim, sintetički proizvod Kristalon, kao i Kristalon + Proteus,
povećali su kvalitet stočnog graška, mada u relativno manjem stepenu. Dobijena je veća linearna zavisnost između brojnosti vaši i svarljivosti suve mase nego sadržaja neutralnih vlakana deterdženta. Stočni grašak sa niskim sadržajem komponenti vlakana ćelijskog zida, celuloze i stepenom lignifikacije, kao i visokim sadržajem proteina i svarljivošću nakon tretmana prirodnim proizvodom Agricolle, kao i njegovim kombinacijama sa preparatima Lithovit i Nagro, čine ga dobrim dodatkom drugim krmivima za ishranu krava muzara.
Ključne reči
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