Sažetak
U 20. veku, termin „konsilijencija” popularizovao je Edvard Vilson (Wilson 1998), smatrajući da je moguće pomiriti tri grane znanja: prirodne nauke, društvene nauke i humanističke discipline. Konsilijentno objašnjenje zasniva se na pretpostavci o mogućnosti unifikacije naučnog znanja sa ciljem postizanja epistemološkog kontinuiteta. U prirodnim naukama, pitanje epistemološkog kontinuiteta daleko je manje kontroverzno nego u društvenim, te se često govori o kontinuitetu između fizike, hemije i biologije. Postoje i društveni i epistemološki razlozi iz kojih se on najčešće zanemaruje u društvenim naukama. Današnja popularnost postmodernizma, poststrukturalizma i sličnih relativističkih orijentacija svedoči o nedostatku želje društvenih naučnika da tragaju za vezama među naukama, te samo mali broj naučnika želi da napravi analognu vezu između biologije, psihologije i antropologije/sociologije. S druge strane, postoje i ideje i strahovi da nije ni poželjno uspostaviti ovaj intelektualni kontinuitet, zato što podseća na redukcionizam koji se najčešće kritikuje u sferi društvenih nauka. I konačno, nije mali broj autora koji smatraju da ga zbog prirode znanja društvenih nauka nije ni moguće postići. U ovom radu zastupa se teza da je makar umerena konsilijencija moguća i u društvenim naukama. Ona zahteva sintezu saznanja iz različitih nauka i naučnih disciplina koje se bave istim problemom radi formiranja koherentnih zaključaka o datoj pojavi. Cilj ovog rada jeste da ukaže na važnost kooperacije sociologije i drugih nauka koje proučavaju različite nivoe analize fenomena, pogotovo kod pitanja gde se ti nivoi preklapaju. U tom smislu moguća perspektiva jeste evolucioni pristup koji ima veliki potencijal za unifikaciju sa drugim naukama.
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Reference
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