Aims and Scope Psihološka istraživanja is a journal that covers socially relevant topics from different areas of psychology and supports culturally and socially sensitive psychology. Most of all, it relates to the studying of the themes and problems which are relevant for the specific culture and society, by using valid and reliable scientific methods and techniques. The journal is focused on the articles dealing with the important phenomena that surround us, using psychological concepts and methodology. The journal supports the development of psychology as a culturally sensitive, critical, and socially engaged science, as well as the social involvement of psychologists. In line with that, one of the journal’s missions is to support the publication of research that could serve as a source of information and recommendations for the creation of society’s developmental documents, strategies, and policies in various domains of social life, grounded in the data collected in scientific research. One of the journal’s missions is also the enhancement of communication among the members of the scientific community through openness for scientific debates and critical reviews of the important publications in the field of psychology. The journal also welcomes contributions from the related scientific disciplines, i.e. from scholars who study psychologically relevant topics in other social sciences. The journal Psihološka istrazivanja publishes the following types of articles: original scientific papers, review papers, scientific critiques, debates, and comments. The journal also publishes professional articles, informative contributions, and reviews. Classification Bibliometric: social sciences - education and psychology Frascati, modified: social sciences - psychology Research topics Social Psychology; Psychology of Education; Developmental Psychology; Psychology of Work; Clinical Psychology; Psychology of Personality and Individual differences
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy - Institute of Psychology
Authors retain the copyright of the published papers and grant to the publisher the nonexclusive right to publish the article, to be cited as its original publisher in case of re-use, and to distribute it in all forms and media. The published articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA). It is allowed to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and remix, transform and build upon it for any purpose, even commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is provided, it is indicated if changes were made and the new work is distributed under the same license as the original. Authors are permitted to deposit the author’s publisher’s version (PDF) of their work in an institutional repository, subject-based repository, author’s personal website (including social networking sites, such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, etc.), and/or departmental website at any time after publication, with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Vaccination Stance in Adolescents and Emerging Adults: the Role of Trust and Knowledge
The present study investigates the predictive contribution of generalized (toward a relatively large circle of unfamiliar others, e.g., authorities, healthcare system, alternative medicine, etc.) and particularized (to significant others, such as family members and friends) trust and vaccination knowledge in explaining youth’s vaccination intention, as well as the moderating role of vaccination status in the previously mentioned relationships. A total of 835 adolescents and emerging adults (aged 15 to 25, Mage = 18.35, SD = 2.86) from Serbia completed measures of vaccination intention and vaccination status, generalized and particularized trust, and vaccination knowledge. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that prior uptake of vaccine against the coronavirus (vaccination status) was the best predictor of youth's intention to receive the coronavirus vaccine in the future (vaccination intention). In addition, trust in authorities and media, trust in the health-care system and science, and knowledge about vaccines stood out as significant positive predictors, while trust in alternative medicine and God(‘s will) negatively influenced behavioral intention to vaccinate. Contrary to expectations, trust in family and friends did not contribute to the explanation of AEA's intention to get vaccinated. Besides, no moderating role of vaccination status was detected; regardless of vaccination status, the same determinants of AEA’s vaccination intention were registered. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in light of the importance of the development of evidence-based national vaccination programs for young people that can have a preventive character in a period of a global confidence crisis.
Copyright (c) 2023 Psihološka istraživanja
CORRECTION: The role of social support in the relationship between different coping strategies and the emotional distress in the bereaved elderly
In our article: "The role of social support in the relationship between different coping strategies and the emotional distress in the bereaved elderly" published in No. 1, Vol. 26 in Psihološka istraživanja journal, on page 100. under the section "Sample and procedure", the information that this article is part of the project "The elderly in Vojvodina: factors of successful aging" financed by the Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research (project number 142-451-2665/2021-01) was excluded by our mistake. Therefore, as authors of this article, we are providing you with a corrected version, and we apologize to all readers for such an oversight.
Environmental activism and pro-environmental behavior in Serbia: determinants and relationships with subjective well-being
Environmentally significant behaviors, such as pro-environmental behavior and environmental activism, have remained relatively ill-defined and poorly integrated to date. The relationship between environmental activism and subjective well-being is particularly unclear. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine whether some socio-demographic characteristics, such as gender, age and level of education, predict pro-environmental behavior and environmental activism, as well as whether these behaviors have an effect on subjective well-being. A total of 354 respondents (222 female respondents; 62.7%) filled out the Environmental Responsibility Feelings Scale, the Ecological Behaviour Scale, and the Environmental Activism Scale. Path analysis revealed that older respondents and those with a higher level of education exhibit more pro-environmental behavior and environmental activism. The results also suggest that the feeling of responsibility towards the environment significantly predicts the level of environmental activism, but not pro-environmental behavior. Gender did not show a significant effect on either pro-environmental behavior or environmental activism. Finally, it was found that environmentally significant behaviors in this research are not related to subjective well-being. Possible explanations of the obtained results are offered, as well as guidelines for future research into these phenomena.
The macrostructure of the text in teaching process: it can be a support or an obstacle in the meaning construction during school learning
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <![endif]--> The contemporary circumstances of teaching and learning at all levels of education, as well as the easy availability of a variety of learning resources, force teachers to expand textual learning resources. This leads to the need to analyze the role of the text in teaching practice. Text in teaching practice is a broader category of teaching material in which textbooks are a subcategory. Given that learning in a formal context is mainly based on verbal content and literacy practice, it is very important to look at different aspects of the text, i.e. evaluate their potential for learning. The aim of this work is to map the characteristics of the macrostructure of the text in teaching practice, which are important for the improvement of the zone of meaning construction during school learning. The paper presents the concept of text macrostructure, analyzes the similarities and differences of the concepts of text type, genre, and discourse, and provides an overview of research that links text macrostructure and its effects on learning. Finally, pedagogical implications are drawn. The macrostructure of the text from which one learns must become a relevant factor for lessons planning, evaluating the success of learning, but also improving educational policy, including teacher education.
Copyright (c) 2024 Psihološka istraživanja
Experimental Induction of State Intolerance of Uncertainty – a Preliminary Study
This study aimed to pilot test the experimental procedure for inducing state levels of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) using a sample of 62 undergraduate psychology students (M = 23.13, SD = 2.88, female 90.3%). Although similar procedures were used in other cultural contexts, this is the first time it was tested in Serbia. We used a two-step state IU induction procedure. The first step included describing and analyzing one upcoming idiosyncratic life event with a potentially poor outcome. The second step required reading a list of irrational beliefs about uncertainty. In addition, we used an adapted Serbian IUS-11 scale, the Anxiety subscale from the DASS-21, and a single-item measure to collect information about state IU, state anxiety, and state worry, respectively. Results of ANCOVA revealed that experimental and control groups did not differ in state IU after the induction. However, there seems to be an increase in state IU in the experimental group, but not in the control group, when pretest and posttest scores are compared in each group separately. Additionally, a significant main effect of measurement time point on state worry and anxiety was found. In contrast, the main effects of condition and measurement time point by condition interaction were nonsignificant. Although the results are not straightforward (possibly due to the small sample size), the modified procedure seems to potentially serve as a tool for inducing state IU. We discussed the results, the procedure’s feasibility, and possible modifications that could produce more precise effects.
The main aim of this review article is to describe the sensory processing sensitivity trait (SPS). People with this trait are highly sensitive individuals and the scientific literature states that they make up 20% to 30% of the general population. Theories that originally explained the high sensitivity of a certain segment of the population are described, the results of the studies that explored the discriminant validity of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale, the studies that examined the relationships between the SPS trait and personality dimensions, and the studies on the quality of mental health of highly sensitive individuals. Although there is an increasing amount of research on highly sensitive people worldwide, this is not the case in our region, and experts (psychologists, psychotherapists and psychiatrists) in Serbia and the region are largely unfamiliar with this trait. Consequently, it is possible to confuse the SPS trait with a personality dimension (neuroticism, introversion, shyness, etc.) or to diagnose a disorder (autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, etc.) in highly sensitive individuals. In addition, the increasing number of newspaper articles on various internet portals about highly sensitive people means that high sensitivity in our region is only described through the lens of popular psychology. All this can lead to a misunderstanding of this scientific construct. Considering that scientific literature indicates that approximately a quarter of the general population is highly sensitive, it is extremely important that professionals are more familiar with sensory processing sensitivity trait.
Perfectionistic Self-Presentation And Smartphone Addiction: The Role of Instagram Use Motives and Behaviors
This research investigates the link between perfectionistic self-presentation and smartphone addiction, with a particular focus on the driving motives and behavioral patterns associated with Instagram use. Engaging a diverse sample of 313 individuals, predominantly female (58.5%), ranging from 18 to 39 years old (M = 23.67; SD = 4.77), we meticulously examined the factors that might underpin this dynamic. As measures in this paper we used Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, Motives for Instagram Use Scale, Instagram Usage Questionnaire, and Smartphone Addiction Short Scale. Path analysis not only underscored a direct influence of perfectionistic self-presentation on smartphone addiction but also unveiled a series of partial mediating effects. Our findings indicate that perfectionistic self-presentation informs the motives driving Instagram use. These motives, in turn, shape the specific ways in which users engage with the platform, which ultimately contributes to the likelihood of smartphone addiction. The mediating role of Instagram use is dissected, shedding light on the sequential process from PSSP to addiction. Interpreted through the lens of the Perfectionistic Social Exclusion Model and the Uses and Gratifications Theory, our results offer a richer understanding of how social media can fulfill perfectionistic tendencies and contribute to addictive behaviors. The study emphasizes the need for a multidimensional approach to examining social media's psychological impact, proposing a bridge between individual predispositions and broader social phenomena. These insights not only contribute to academic discourse but also hold implications for mental health practitioners and policy makers concerned with the growing intersection of social media use and psychological well-being.
Loneliness and life satisfaction in old age: The moderating effect of executive functions
S Satisfaction with life in old age, as well as with the previously achieved life goals, is marked as a prominent factor in successful ageing, i.e. maintaining psychological well-being in old age. On the other hand, in a wide range of challenges that individuals face in late life, the relevant literature especially highlights loneliness, which is considered as an undermining factor of life satisfaction. In order to examine the variety of connections of cognitive variables with loneliness and thereby contribute to the quality of ageing, the research aims to examine the moderating role of working memory and inhibitory control in the relationship between socioemotional loneliness and a general assessment of life satisfaction in old age. The research was conducted on a sample of 198 respondents (65.7% women) over the age of 65 (M = 75.38, SD = 7.13) from the territory of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia. The following instruments were used to measure the variables of interest: the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS), the Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale–3 (SWLS–3). The obtained results indicate that, in the elderly with higher efficiency of working memory, lower ability of inhibitory control leads to loneliness, which has significant negative effects on life satisfaction. On the other hand, in the older people with lower working memory efficiency, the level of inhibition ability does not significantly determine the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction.
Adaptation and validation of the Family Influence Scale in a sample of students from Serbia
The main goal of this study was to evaluate the functional equivalence of the adapted version of the Family Influence Scale in measuring the influence of the family on career choices and development on a sample of Serbian undergraduate and master's students. The sample consisted of 204 students (Mage= 22.24, SDage= 2.40, Minage = 18, Maxage = 34) of which 77.5% were females. To evaluate the construct validity of the adapted scale, principal components analysis, parallel analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were emplyed. The obtained results indicate that there is an equal number of dimensions in both the original and adapted versions of the scale (Informational Support, Financial Support, Family Expectations and Values/Beliefs). Additionally, the convergent validity of the adapted scale was supported through correlations with the Support, Interference and Lack of engagement Scale. The nomological network of the adapted version was examined and mostly supported its equivalence with the original version. The internal validity of the scale was mostly supported by the interrelationships of its measures. Reliability analysis showed satisfying internal consistency. Specifically, the Cronbach's alpha values ranged from .650 to .837, and the McDonald’ ω values ranged from .669 to .838. Despite the limitations of the study, the adapted scale can be used to examine the possible family's influence on career choices and development among students in this cultural area (Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian speaking area). This study provides valuable insights into the development of career-related measures that can be used in other cultural contexts as well.
Relationships between the Dark Tetrad Traits and tendency towards corruptive behavior: The mediating effect of corruptive rationalizations and thhe mediating effect of corruptive rationalizations and the moderating effect of organizational ethical virtues
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The aim of this research was to further examine the mechanism and conditions under which dark traits are linked to corruption tendency. Specifically, the mediating effect of corruptive rationalizations and the moderating effect of the organization's ethical culture, i.e., organizational ethical virtues, were investigated, including the effect of moderated mediation. The sample consisted of 252 employees (58.3% female) aged 20 to 64. The results showed that all dark traits, except psychopathy, have a significant direct and positive effect on corruption tendency when considered all together in a regression model. Corruptive rationalizations are a significant mediator between Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism, on one side, and corruption tendency, on the other side. Unexpectedly, the organizational ethical virtues are not a significant moderator in the relationship between the dark traits and corruption tendency. However, they are a significant moderator between Machiavellianism and corruptive rationalizations but in unexpeted way, i.e., the link between Machiavellianism and corruptive rationalizations is stronger in cases of more pronounced ethical virtues in the organization. The results generally indicated a higher importance of individual factors of corruptive behavior, in contrast to organizational factors, and provided additional insight into the complex relationships between the individual factors and corruptive behavior.
Investigating Ethnic Identity Development through Storytelling: Conceptual and Methodological Potential of Narrative Approach
This review paper critically reassesses the traditional quantitative approach to ethnic identity research and advocates for an alternative narrative methodology. Using Phinney's status model as a starting point, we propose a shift towards a more comprehensive narrative perspective in investigating ethnic identity development. Survey-based studies, despite its contributions, face limitations in explaining the nuanced developmental process and contextual influences on identity changes, particularly ethnic exploration. Embracing ethnic labels shapes adolescents' relations with others, their experiences, actions, and available resources, involving the construction of a narrative about the meaning of belonging to a specific group. The narrative approach explores the subjective significance of ethnic experiences, portraying identities as dynamic. It challenges the concept of abrupt transitions, shedding light on the gradual nature and intricacies of ethnic identity changes. Narratives offer a unique lens to understand the content of ethnic identity, revealing attitudes, beliefs, and cultural behaviors which remain unattainable when assessed using rating-scale instruments. We examine the studies which use narratives, describing the methodology applied to the field of ethnic identity development and critically evaluating its implementation. Despite recognizing the transformative potential of narrative practice, the paper acknowledges limitations, including time and resource demands, as well as training requirements and analytical complexity. In conclusion, the paper suggests the exploration of new directions in ethnic identity development research, highlighting the potential benefits of integrating qualitative methods, particularly narratives. This alternative approach could play a significant role in fostering a deeper understanding of ethnic identity in contemporary landscapes.
Psychometric properties of the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) Scale in Serbian Sample
Climate change is a growing threat to humanity and coping with its potentially disastrous effect will require widespread behavioural change at both societal and individual level. Theory and empirical research have emphasised the role of pro-environmental attitudes as antecedents of pro-environmental behaviour. Using a large community Serbian sample (N=871 of adult population) assessed with face to face interviews, we searched for the psychometric characteristics of the New Ecological Paradigm scale (NEP), a widely used instrument for assessing pro-environmental attitudes worldwide. The dimensionality of Dunlap’s NEP scale is frequently questioned, because studies revealed three, four, or only one dimension; therefore there is ongoing call for further validation. This was the first time that psychometric characteristics of the NEP scale have been tested on a large adult sample in Serbia with addition of testing its predictive power to explain environmental behaviour (using environmental behaviour questionnaire). The results of parallel analysis on the Serbian sample, pointed to the three factor structure: Human is (not)above nature; Ecological crisis; Human’s (non-)exception from nature, similar to the previous findings from the region. The three factor solution explained about half of variance. The factor ecological crisis emerged as the only significant predictor for the pro-environmental behaviour. Further analysis of the pro-environmental attitudes and behaviour is needed in order to better understand and communicate the importance and urgency for earth protection.
Between Adolescence and Adulthood: Emerging Adulthood in Serbia
Jeffrey Arnett defines emerging adulthood (EA) as a developmental period set between adolescence and adulthood. Research conducted in different countries mostly confirms the presence of EA dimensions around the world with certain discrepancies which are believed to reflect the cultural and socioeconomic differences between nations. Our research set out to examine the presence of emerging adulthood in Serbia by exploring differences between age groups (adolescents, emerging adults, adults) in relation to dimensions of EA and Markers of Adulthood, as well as the psychometric characteristics of the IDEA scale. The participants were 1049 young people (78,6% female) aged 18 to 30 (M = 23,72, SD = 3,212), mostly from major cities. Factor analysis, for the most part, confirmed the structure of the IDEA scale. Results suggest that the indicators of emerging adulthood are more pronounced among emerging adults compared to adults (significant differences on 5/6 IDEA subscales). Compared to adults, emerging adults are more likely to describe the current phase of their lives as unpredictable, undefined, and driven by exploration and a search for answers and meaning. On the other hand, adults have shown a more other-oriented approach and a higher degree of self-sufficiency. Finally, emerging adults have shown themselves to be more self-focused than adolescents. Measures of adulthood point to significant differences between age groups on 3/4 indicators. Adults are more likely to view themselves as independent, autonomous and relationally mature, compared to younger age groups.
Trust in Science and COVID-19 Vaccination: The Role of Institutional Trust
This study aims to investigate the moderating role of institutional trust (i.e., trust in authorities and trust in the healthcare system), in the relationship between trust in science/official modern medicine and the attitudes of young people towards getting COVID-19 vaccine. The sample consisted of 791 young people from Serbia (59.9% female), with an age range between 15 and 25 years (M = 18.25, SD = 2.670). All trust-related measures, including trust in science, official modern medicine, authorities and healthcare system have significant main effects in all tested models, indicating that with an increase in trust-related measures attitudes towards getting COVID-19 vaccine are more positive. Two out of four tested interactive effects were statistically significant: interactive effect of trust in science and trust in healthcare, and trust in official modern medicine and trust in healthcare on attitudes towards getting COVID-19 vaccine. The study results suggest that distrust in the healthcare system is a vulnerability factor in the aforementioned relationship. This prompts a critical examination of factors and conditions contributing to the pervasive lack of trust among young people in Serbia toward institutional entities that shape and perpetuate perceptions and attitudes toward vaccination.
The Human as Animal Symbolicum: Origins of Symbolic function
Review of the book "Psychology of individual differences - ambulatory assessment in psychological evaluation by Dr Ljiljana Lazarević
Exploring situated expectancy-value theory: a study of gendered higher education choices
The article examines how motivational beliefs, gender roles and stereotypes, as well as cultural resources and practices shape students’ choices of university courses in the technical sciences and the social sciences and humanities. Its theoretical backbone is Eccles et al.’s situated expectancy-value theory, with an emphasis on the importance of its gender dimension, as well as sociocultural background as expressed through cultural capital indicators. Questionnaire data were collected from 1301 high school students in Croatia. Results show that motivational beliefs, especially utility values, were the strongest predictors of study choice for both young women and men. Traditional gender roles predicted weaker intentions to choose gender non-stereotypical courses. Endorsing gender stereotypes about a lesser talent of one’s own gender for occupations in the technical sciences or social sciences and humanities predicted weaker intentions to choose courses in those fields of study. Finally, reading practices, as an indicator of cultural capital, added to the explanation of social science and humanities course choices for both young women and men. The implication of the research is the need to create intervention programmes aimed at deconstructing gender roles and challenging pupils’ stereotypes about educational domains and occupations.
The development and preliminary validation of a social-emotional skills assessment instrument for lower secondary school students
Given the necessity of comprehensive and psychometrically sound instruments to measure students’ social-emotional skills (SEMS) in school context and facet level, this study aimed to develop and evaluate a SEMS assessment instrument for lower secondary school students. The initial version of the instrument was developed based on the descriptions of skills from SEMS frameworks by Primi et al. and OECD and consisted of 48 items. After confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a sample of 204 students from Estonia, a 9-factor and 34-item instrument was refined. This model was confirmed with acceptable fitness by CFA with another sample of 521 students. Strict measurement invariance was established between grade groups (grades 6 and 9). In conclusion, while analyses show promise and the instrument allows assessing students’ SEMS in lower-secondary schools, further research is required.
Perceptions and influences of literature on psychological processes and dispositions in contemporary society
Although both literature and psychology study human nature, they are very rarely interdisciplinary connected. The reasons for this lie in their different theoretical focuses and methodological approaches. This paper aims to point out that efforts to bring these complementary approaches to related topics closer together could be beneficial for both disciplines. Recently, there has been a lot of work done globally on intensifying this cooperation. Literary works, through narration, explore motives, feelings, thoughts, and desires, analyzing the inner world of characters, deeper layers of their personality, and inner dilemmas - all of which psychology also deals with by studying real people and trying to understand their behavior. Furthermore, in the reading process, literature can be understood as a simulation of reality to encourage readers to better understand themselves and others, thus achieving a more meaningful life with fewer conflicts. The connection between literary works and their effects on readers is mediated by a series of psychological traits such as openness, immersion, values, or motivation. Literary works, especially in times of great social upheaval, as has been the case in Serbia over the past 30 years, can be a platform for profound and substantive discussions on issues such as the importance of social identities. Contemporary literature, in Serbia, very diverse in topics and approaches, will remain a significant part of the culture of our time. The potential of psychologists in encouraging people to better understand themselves through literature and achieve more benefits is far greater than it currently seems.
Discussions on Education in Serbia During the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Twitter-Based Analysis
The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes across various aspects of life worldwide, including a significant impact on the education systems. This study aimed to explore the public perception of education during the initial five weeks of emergency remote education (ERE) implementation in Serbia in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Using the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a framework, we collected and analyzed posts on the social media platform Twitter. The tweets on the topic of education were retrieved using MAXQDA software starting from March 17, 2020 and over the next 5 weeks, resulting in a final dataset of 1,777 tweets. The results of the research show a decreasing trend in the frequency of posts related to education, starting from 1,402 in the first week to 92 tweets in the fifth week. The emotional tone of the tweets was predominantly negative in the first five weeks of the pandemic, with the percentage of tweets with a negative connotation tending to increase. The analysis of the content of the tweets highlights key themes and reveals contradictions between ERE and conventional schooling. The Twitter community praised the use of new tools and teachers’ efforts, but criticized adhering to the rules of the conventional schooling as well as the learning content as being overly demanding and irrelevant. The study results suggest that ERE during the lockdown increased the visibility of teaching, offering potential for educational democratization, while the invisibility of learning created risks to educational equity by obscuring the struggles of learners.
Copyright (c) 2025 Psihološka istraživanja
Mapping the Social Media Behavior of Serbian Adolescents: Usage Patterns, Affective Experiences, and Communication Preferences
This study examines the dynamics of social media usage among adolescents in Serbia, focusing on their usage habits, affective experiences and communication preferences. The data were obtained by online surveying 391 adolescents (63.9% girls; Mage = 16.09, SD = 1.36) in the beginning of 2023. Through questionnaire data analysis and qualitative content analysis, it explores adolescents' engagement with various social media platforms, highlighting Instagram as the predominant choice. Examining the nuanced perspectives on online versus face-to-face communication, the study reveals that while online communication offers practicality and efficiency, face-to-face interaction is valued for its emotional depth and transparency. The results of the questionnaire on the frequency and activities of using SNSs and the accompanying affective experiences indicate that among adolescents from our sample, we can distinguish three groups of SNS users: "SNS Balancers", "SNS Enthusiasts" and "SNS Ambivalents." Each cluster exhibits unique patterns of SNS usage and affective experiences, highlighting the diverse ways in which adolescents interact with online platforms. The research underscores the need for nuanced longitudinal investigations into adolescent online behavior, suggesting potential avenues for future exploration.
The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ): The Evaluation of Structural and Convergent Validity on a Serbian Sample
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Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <![endif]--> The current research is aimed at examining the psychometric properties, i.e. the structural and convergent validity of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) translated into Serbian through two independent and consequent studies. In Study 1, conducted on the sample of 674 young adults (Mage = 19.68, SD = 1.29), the structural validity of the CERQ was evaluated by testing the theoretically based nine-component structure using the methods of confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modelling. Study 2 was aimed at retesting the model obtained in the previous study on the sample of 703 participants (Mage = 22.96, SD = 7.05). In addition, convergent validity of the CERQ was examined by the correlation with the measures of positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, and general distress. The results support the CERQ as a reliable and valid measure of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The latent structure of the questionnaire is best described by a nine-factor model defined by the original instrument. In both of our samples, the dimension of Positive reformulation has demonstrated the same structural specificities, suggesting the need for additional checking of both the instrument itself and the specificities of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in our cultural area. The findings of these studies also indicate usefulness of exploratory structural equation modelling compared to the traditional methods of confirmatory factor analysis in the investigation of the latent structure of the CERQ.
Review of book Collection of cognitive biases and fallacies
Book Review: "Inclusive Education in Times of Crisis: A Case Study of Educational Experiences of Students with Learning Difficulties During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Serbia"
Retraction: The development and preliminary validation of a social-emotional skills assessment instrument for Estonian lower secondary school students (vol. 27, iss. 2, pp. 297-314, 2024)
In the article entitled "The development and preliminary validation of a social-emotional skills assessment instrument for Estonian lower secondary schools students", published in No. 2, Vol. 27 of Psihološka istraživanja on pp. 297-314 (https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0352-7379/2024/0352-73792402297E.pdf), an earlier version of the text was published due to an administrative error in the editing of the manuscript. The authors and editors of Psihološka istraživanja apologise to the readers for this omission. We are pleased to publish the final version of the text under the same title in this issue of Psihološka istraživanja (No. 1, vol. 28, pp. XXX-XXX). (LINK NA CLANAK U .PDF).
Editorial Board of the journal Psihološka istraživanja
Revised version of retracted article: The development and preliminary validation of a social-emotional skills assessment instrument for Estonian lower secondary school students
Given the necessity of comprehensive and psychometrically sound instruments to measure students’ social-emotional skills (SE skills) in school context and on a facet level, this study aimed to develop and evaluate a SE skills assessment instrument for lower secondary school students. The initial version of the instrument was developed based on the descriptions of SE skills from the frameworks by Primi et al. (2017) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Chernyshenko et al., 2018) and consisted of 48 items. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with a sample of 204 students from Estonia and a 9-factor instrument with 34 items was refined. This model was confirmed with acceptable fitness by CFA with another sample of 521 students. Scalar measurement invariance was established between grade groups (grades 6 and 9). In conclusion, while the instrument allows assessing students’ SE skills in lower-secondary schools, further research is required.
Conflict Management Strategies: The Role of Personality and Specific Social Relation Beliefs in Serbia and Italy
This study explored the relationships among conflict management strategies, personality traits, and beliefs about social relations in Italy and Serbia, countries that are geographically close but have different histories, traditions, and religions and differ along an individualistic-collectivistic dimension. Goals: The study aimed to explore and compare how basic personality dimensions predict specific conflict management strategies and how the Competitive Jungle worldview and beliefs about conflicts mediate their relationship in different cultures. Method: The sample comprises 764 young people, aged 18-30 (M=21.54, SD=2.80). Measures included the Dutch Test of Conflict Handling, Mini IPIP-6, Delta personality inventories, Competitive Jungle Worldview, and Conflict Beliefs scales. Path analyses were applied with seven personality traits as predictors (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Honesty, and Disintegration), two social relation beliefs as mediators, and three conflict management strategies (Cooperative, Defensive, and Competitive), as criterion variables. Results: Results show that common predictors were Openness and Agreeableness for Cooperative strategies, Agreeableness and Disintegration for Defensive strategies, and Extraversion for Competitive strategies. Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were not implicated in conflict situations, while Honesty and Disintegration have different impacts on that behavior in the two cultures. Results confirmed different pathways of personality traits through the beliefs about the world as a competitive jungle and conflicts as threats or challenges. Conclusion: Basic personality traits, as universal dispositions for behavior, have similar effects on conflict management strategies in both countries, while differences are observed in the mediating role of beliefs, which are shaped by cultural differences between Serbia and Italy.
"All for One, One for All": A New Psychology of Leadership Through the Lens of Social Identity
Clinical Decision Making and Mental Health
Judgement and decision making are rife with cognitive biases. Despite their everyday fitness, these can affect clinical assessment, which may lead to erroneous decisions. All specialists are prone to bias; these vulnerabilities permeate social strata, while people underestimate their own proneness to these errors. In mental health, statistical prediction and empirically robust tests should compensate for such errors. Therefore, the paper reviews basic heuristics and associated biases in practice, namely, representativeness, availability, and anchoring. Furthermore, it is elaborated how clinical decision making is influenced by social factors, thus giving rise to groupthink. Experience without adequate training might even worsen decision making by overconfidence. Psychoeducation on biases, among others, shows promise in countering them. In addition, examples that demonstrate in which way heuristics and biases contribute to the receptiveness to popular psychology, myths, pseudoscience, misinformation, alternative health methods and radicalization, are provided in the paper. Relativization of evidence and disinformation present crucial challenges to the acceptance of science and to the democratic society. Science communication should influence market offering and consult social psychological communication research in combatting disinformation, useful for both undergraduates and the lay audience.
Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Math? Structure and Correlates of Math Anxiety in Preschool Children
Math anxiety (MA) is a phenomenon that has garnered the attention of researchers and practitioners due to its negative effects on various educational outcomes in math learning and the motivation for learning math. However, previous research has predominantly focused on primary and secondary school students, while preschool-aged children have been largely overlooked. This gap is particularly relevant in the Serbian context, where early childhood education is undergoing continuous reforms and where mathematics readiness is increasingly recognized as a key predictor of later academic success. Therefore, this research aims to examine the structure and correlates of MA in preschool children from Serbia. Study 1, involving 258 children aged 4 to 6 (50% boys), investigated the nature and structure of the Young Children Math Anxiety Scale (YCMAX). Study 2, conducted with 205 children aged 4 to 6 (48.8% boys), investigated the relationships between MA aspects (Worry and Somatization), gender, age, and children’s readiness for learning math. This was done by applying the correlation analysis with the Mathematics School Readiness Test, designed to assess (pre)math skills in preschool-aged children. The CFA results indicate that the Young Children Math Anxiety Scale is an adequate instrument for measuring this type of anxiety and that, even at this age, negative relationships between MA and various (pre)math skills can be identified. The study discusses the potential benefits of using this scale by practitioners in preschool institutions and the specificities of the relationships between MA and various math abilities and children’s age in the preschool (non)evaluative contexts.