Abstract
Apstrakt
Uvod/Cilj. Virus humane imunodeficijencije (HIV) i dalje je jedan od najvažnijih problema javnog zdravstva i do sada je odneo više od 35 miliona života. Pomorci spadaju u grupu radnika migranata čiji su radni i životni uslovi skučeni na duže vreme. Način života koji vode stavlja pomorce u visok rizik od infekcije prouzrokovane HIV-om i drugim seksualno prenosivim infekcijama. Cilj rada bio je procena nivoa znanja o HIV-u i drugim polno prenosivim infekcijama među pomorcima u Crnoj Gori. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno od oktobra 2014. do aprila 2015. godine kao studija preseka i obuhvatalo je 543 ispitanika. Instrument istraživanja bio je posebno strukturisan upitnik zatvorenog tipa, kreiran prema programu Ujedinjenih nacija za HIV/sindrom stečene imunodeficijencije (AIDS) (UNAIDS) koji se koristio u međunarodnim i domaćim istraživanjima. Za statističku obradu podataka korišćen je SPSS 20.0. Rezultati. Rezultati ukazuju na to da je samo 42,9% ispitanika znalo da se od HIV-a i drugih polno prenosivih infekcija može zaštititi pravilnom i redovnom upotrebom kondoma. Više od jedne trećine ispitanika (38,9%) nije znalo da se HIV može preneti seksualnim odnosom sa osobom koja izgleda zdravo, dok je 25,6% smatralo da se HIV ne može preneti na taj način. S obzirom na stepen obrazovanja, statistički značajna razlika utvrđena je u odnosu na znanje o prenošenju HIV-a deljenjem obroka sa osobom koja je inficirana HIV-om (p = 0.001). Statistički značajna razlika utvrđena je i informisanost ispitanika u odnosu na prenošenju HIV-a korišćenjem javnih toaleta (p = 0.004). Zaključak. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su da i pored toga što je unapređen nivo znanja pomoraca u Crnoj Gori o HIV infekciji i drugim polno prenosivim bolestima u odnosu na 2008. godinu, sedam godina kasnije znanje pomoraca još uvek nije na zadovoljavajućem nivou.
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References
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