Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Istraživanja pokazuju da se kod bolesnika koji boluju od shizofrenije, prevalenca depresivne simptomatologije kreće od 7% do 80%. Varijabilnost u studijama potiče od faze bolesti u kojoj su se bolesnici nalazili u trenutku opservacije, metoda procene, vrste mernih instrumenata kao i različitih dijagnostičkih kriterijuma za shizofreniju i depresiju. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita prevalenca depresivnih simptoma i korelacije depresivnih simptoma sa drugim kliničkim parametrima (vrsta i težina psihotičnih simptoma, težina bolesti, uvid, opšta funkcionalnost) kod bolesnika obolelih od shizofrenije u akutnoj fazi bolesti i u remisiji. Metode. Istraživanje predstavlja kliničku prospektivnu studiju kod 100 konsekutivnih bolesnika obolelih od shizofrenije u odnosu na fazu bolesti (faza akutnog pogoršanja i faza remisije). Psihometrijske procene težine bolesti i prisutne psihopatologije vršile su se korišćenjem Skale za procenu pozitivnog i negativnog sindroma shizofrenije (PANSS), Skale za procenu nedostatka uvida u mentalni poremećaj (SUMD), Kalgari skale za procenu depresije u shizofreniji (CDSS) i Skale za opštu procenu funcionisanja (GAF). Rezultati. Prevalenca depresivne simptomatologije kod bolesnika obolelih od shizofrenije u akutnoj fazi bolesti u studijskoj grupi iznosila je 23%, a u fazi remisije 13%. U akutnoj fazi, Kalgari skala za procenu depresije u shizofreniji korelirala je sa depresivnom i pozitivnom podskalom PANSS kao i sa skalom uvida, dok u remisiji samo sa depresivnom podskalom PANSS. Kalgari skala nije korelirala sa negativnom podskalom PANSS. Subjektivni korelati depresije bili su izraženiji u remisiji u odnosu na akutnu fazu. Zaključak. Depresivni simptomi u shizofreniji izraženiji su tokom akutne psihotične faze u odnosu na fazu remisije. Prepoznavanje depresivne simtomatologije otvara mogućnosti ciljane farmakoterapije, psihoterapije i socioterapijskih intervencija, što može voditi ka boljem terapijskom ishodu.
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