Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Prelom kuka je jedan od vodećih uzroka smrti u starijoj populaciji. Analiziran je uticaj polnih razlika na stope mortaliteta starijih bolesnika sa prelomom kuka. Metode. U studiji su bili uključeni svi hospitalizovani bolesnici stariji od 65 godina sa prelomom kuka tokom 2013. godine. Bolesnici su bili podeljeni u četiri grupe rizika, mali, srednji, visok i veoma visok, u skladu sa institucionalnom Sisli Etfal skalom za procenu faktora rizika postoperativnog mortaliteta (institutional Şişli Etfal risk factor assessment scale – ISERFAS). Klinički, laboratorijski i rizik rezultati upoređeni su prema polu između preživelih i umrlih bolesnika. Praćen je bolnički, tromesečni i šestomesečni mortalitet bolesnika. Prediktivni uticaj pola i ukupnog rizika na stope mortaliteta testirane su univarijantnom i multivarijantnom regresionom analizom dobijenih rezultata. Rezultati. Kompletni uzorak činilo je 434 ženskih i 163 muških bolesnika. Prosečna starost muškaraca je bila 77,95, a žena 79,18 godina. Prelom vrata butne kosti bio je češći kod žena (44,5%), bez statističkI značajnosti (p = 0.57). Pokazana je značajne razlike u odnosu na muškarce razlika između polova u odnosu na rizik skor (p = 0,024). Kod ženskih bolesnika primećen je niži stepen rizika, dok je kod muškaraca primećen viši. Kumulativni mortalitet bio je 6% tokom hospitalizacije, 17,8% nakon tri, odnosno 25% nakon šest meseci. Stope bolničkog i šestomesečnog mortaliteta bile su slične kada je u pitanju pol, jedino su muškarci značajno češće umirali (p = 0.035) tri meseca nakon povrede. Ukupan rizik je na svim posmatranim tačkama mortaliteta (p= 0.000) bio značajan prediktor sam po sebi. Samostalni prediktorni uticaj pola se gubio u sadejstvu sa ukupnim rizikom. Zaključak. Pol se može definisati kao značajan prediktor mortaliteta kod bolesnika sa prelomom kuka. Sistem ocenjivanja rizika u proceni postoperativne smrtnosti usled prelom kuka mogao bi biti od pomoći u planiranju tretmana za svakog bolesnika.
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