Sažetak
Apstrakt
Uvod/Cilj. Izloženost dece različitim oblicima emocionalnog, fizičkog i seksualnog zlostavljanja u porodicama sa partnersko porodičnim nasiljem (PPN) povezana je sa teškoćama u emocionalnom i socijalnom prilagođavanju, uključujući i probleme ponašanja, internalizovane i eksternalizovane simptome. Cilj istraživanja bio je da utvrdi povezanost PPN sa funkcionisanjem porodičnog sistema (kohezivnost i adaptabilnost), konativnim funkcionisanjem adolescenata i rizikom za razvoj psihopatološke simptomatologije. Specifični cilj studije bio je utvrđivanje mentalno-higijenskih i preventivnih mera radi smanjenja negativnih posledica odrastanja u porodicama sa nasiljem. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 308 adolescenata, uzrasta od 15–18 godina, podeljenih u IPV grupu (n = 68 adolescenata koji su odrastali u porodicama sa partnerskim nasiljem i izloženi partnerskom nasilju, koje je prijavljeno i procesuirano i kontrolnu grupu [n = 240 adolescenata iz porodica u kojima upitnikom Conners' Parent Rating Scale–Revised (CPRS-R) nije utvrđen bilo koji oblik nasilja ili psihosocijalne patologije]. Skala Faces III korišćena je za merenje dimenzija porodičnog funkcionisanja, a Kibernetički model konativnih dimenzija ličnosti (KON-6) za konativno funkcionisanje adolescenata. Podaci su obrađeni diskriminativnom i linearnom regresionom analizom. Rezultati. Adolescenti iz porodica sa partnerskim nasiljem imali su statistički značajne razlike (p < 0,01) u konativnom funkcionisanju: psihosomatskim β = -.509, anksioznim β = -.393, agresivnim (β -.398, disocijativnim β -.509 i adaptivnim reakcijama ličnosti β = -.455, u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. Ukupno, 32,35% adolescenata iz porodica sa partnerskim nasiljem imalo je izražene patološke vrednosti u socijalno-adaptivnim reakcijama, 23,53% patološku anksioznost i 23,53% disocijativne reakcije. Najveća negativna povezanost dobijena je između porodičnog nasilja i porodične dimenzije kohezivnosti (β ‑ 0,605; p < 0,01). Zaključak. Izloženost adolescenata porodičnom nasilju značajno je povezana sa promenama konativnog funkcionisanja i rizikom od razvoja eksternalizovanih i internalizovanih simptoma u socijalno-adaptivnim, anksioznim i disocijativnim reakcijama i potrebom za uvođenje preventivnih mentalno-higijenskih mera. Medijator između porodičnog nasilja i konativnog funkcionisanja adolescenata je porodična kohezivnost.
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