Sažetak
Apstrakt
Uvod/Cilj. Razvoj periapeksnih lezija (PLs) prolazi kroz složenu interakciju između patogenih mikroorganizama iz kanala zuba i imunskih mehanizama domaćina. U ovim procesima proinflamacijski citokini stimulišu zapaljenske reakcije i destrukciju kostiju dok anti-inflamacijski citokini sa imunoregulacijskim svojstvima imaju suprotan efekat. Način kako je taj balans kontrolisan je i dalje predmet brojnih studija. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispita da li lokalna produkcija interleukina (IL)-10, IL-27 i transformišućeg faktora rasta beta (TGF-β) u humanim asimptomatskim PLs zavisi od njihove veličine i kako nivo ovih citokina korelira sa ćelijskim sastavom PLs. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na 30 PLs koje su ekstrahovane u Klinici za stomatologiju VMA. Lezije su podeljene na grupu malih lezija (n = 12) i grupu velikih lezija (n = 18). Inflamatorne ćelije izolovane iz lezija (PL-ICs) kultivisane su u toku 24 časa u medijumu za ćelijske kulture sa dodatkom forbol miristat acetata i Ca2+ jonofora. Citospin preparati obojeni su pomoću imunocitohemijskih metoda korišćenjem monoklonskih antitela prema ćelijskim subpopulacijama. Nivo citokina u supernatantima ćelijskih kultura određen je ELISA metodom. Za statističku obradu podataka korišćen je Studentov t-test i Spearman-ov test korelacije. Vrednosti razlika p < 0,05 smatrane su statistički značajnim. Rezultati. Nivoi IL-10 i TGF-β su bili statistički značajno viši u supernatantima PL-ICs velikih lezija (p < 0,01, odnosno p < 0,05), za razliku od IL-27 čiji su nivoi bili veći u kulturama malih lezija (p < 0,05). Iako je ukupan broj PL-ICs i procenat mononuklearnih fagocita bio viši u velikim lezijama (p < 0,01, odnosno p < 0,05), njihov osnovni ćelijski sastav nije se bitnije razlikovao između grupa. Procenat B ćelija/plazma ćelija (CD19/CD38+ćelija), CD8+ T ćelija i CD14+ ćelija je bio veći u velikim lezijama (p < 0,005; p < 0,05; p < 0,05), za razliku od procenta ukupnih CD3+T ćelija koji bio je veći u malim lezijama (p < 0,05). Nisu nađene korelacije između nivoa ispitivanih citokina i ćelijskog sastava/fenotipa PL-ICs. Zaključak. Ova studija ukazuje na to da IL-10, IL-27 i TGF-β najverovatnije imaju različitu ulogu u suzbijanju neželjenih imunskih/inflamacijskih reakcija u asimptomatskim PLs, zavisno od ekstezivnosti patološkog procesa, procenjivanog na osnovu veličine lezije.
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