Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Mišićna tenziona disfonija (MTD) je jedan od najčešćih poremećaja glasa. Cilj rada bio je da se ispitaju demografske karakteristike i prevalencija komorbiditeta kod pacijenata kojima je postavljena dijagnoza MTD. Metode. Retrospektivnom studijom preseka analizirane su demografske karakteristike i komorbiditeti kod 87 pacijenata kojima je postavljena dijagnoza tokom jednogodišnjeg perioda. Rezultati. Prosečna starost pacijenata bila je 49,2 godine (opseg 18–84 godina), a 79,3% je bilo mlađe od 65 godina. Ženski pol činio je 73,6%. Nije utvđena statistički značajna razlika u pušačkom statusu između muškaraca i žena (χ2 = 0,624; p ˃ 0,05). Od 87 pacijenata, 43 (49,4%) su bile osobe koje se bave profesijama koje zahtevaju intenzivnu upotrebu glasa. Među ovim pacijentima, 20 (46,5%) su bili nastavnici u školi, 8 (18,6%) prodavci, 5 (11,6%) profesionalni pevači, 3 (7,0%) vaspitači u vrtiću, 3 (7,0%) predavači, 2 (4,6%) psiholozi, 1 (2,3%) logoped i 1 (2,3%) fitnes instruktor. Sekundarna MTD dijagnostikovana je kod 36 (41,4%) pacijenata. Najčešći klinički nalazi dijagnostikovani kod osoba sa sekundarnom MTD bili su čvorići na glasnim žicama kod 24 pacijenta (66,7%). Prevalencija komorbiditeta bila je sledeća: blago do umereno oštećenje sluha (9,2%), postnazalna sekrecija (31,0%), preosetljivost na uobičajene inhalatorne alergene (31,0%), astma ili hronična opstruktivna bolest pluća (18,4%), poremećaj rada štitaste žlezde (17,2%) i anamnestički podaci o gastroezofagealnoj refluksnoj bolesti (21,8%). Zaključak. MTD se češće javlja kod žena i osoba koje se bave profesijama koje zahtevaju intenzivnu upotrebu glasa. Zbog visoke prevalencije komorbiditeta kod pacijenata kojima je postavljena dijagnoza MTD, neophodni su detaljna anamneza i dodatna ispitivanja kako bi se odredio konačan plan lečenja.
Ključne reči
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