Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Poremećaji ponašanja karakterišu se ponavljanim i trajnim disocijalnim, agresivnim i devijantnim ponašanjem, pa tako predstavljaju važan društveni problem sa sveobuhvatnim i dalekosežnim posledicama za pojedince i društvo. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispitaju razlika u sociodemografskim karakteristikama porodica adolescenata i izraženosti dimenzija roditeljskog prihvatanja/odbacivanja između grupa adolescenata sa i bez poremećaja ponašanja, kao i ispitivanje povezanosti dimenzija roditeljskog prihvatanja/odbacivanja sa eksternalizacionim simptomima u grupi adolescenata sa poremećajem ponašanja. Metode. Ispitivanje je obuhvatilo 134 adolescenta, starosti od 15 do 18 godina. Primenjeni su: Upitnik roditeljskog prihvatanja/odbacivanja (Parental Acceptance/ Rejection Questionnaire, PARQ child), Upitnik za samoprocenu mladih od 11 do 18 godina (Youth Self-Report, YSR), kao i opšti upitnik sačinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Rezultati. U grupi sa poremećajem ponašanja statistički značajno više adolescenata potiče iz razvedenih porodica u odnosu na kompletne porodice (44,8% vs 13,4%; p < 0,001), a u istoj grupi statistički je značajno više roditelja sa psihičkim bolestima (31,3% vs 8,9%; p = 0.001) u odnosu na grupu adolescenata bez poremećaja ponašanja. Dimenzije percipiranog odbacivanja kao i totalni indeks prihvatanja/odbacivanja za majku su statistički značajno veće u grupi adolescenata sa poremećajem ponašanja u odnosu na one bez poremećaja ponašanja (132,30 ± 38,05 vs 93,91 ± 26,29; p < 0.001). Slični rezultati dobijeni su i za dimenzije prihvatanja/odbacivanja za oca (129,40 ± 39,58 vs 86,10 ± 15,95; p < 0.001). Adolescenti sa poremećajem ponašanja i ozbiljnim percipiranim odbacivanjem majke i oca pokazuju znatno veći prosečni rezultat na supskali eksternalizacionih simptoma (14,55 ± 4,45 and 13,27 ± 5,05) u odnosu na adolescente sa poremećajem ponašanja i nižim totalnim indeksom prihvatanja/odbacivanja za oba roditelja (8,32 ± 5,05 and 8,28 ± 5,08). Zaključak. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da adolescenti sa poremećajem ponašanja percipiraju svoje roditelje kao više odbacujuće i manje tople i podržavajuće u odnosu na adolescente bez poremećaja ponašanja. Percepcija značajnog i ozbiljnog odbacivanja od strane roditelja bila je povezana sa višim prosečnim skorom eksternalizacionih simptoma u grupi adolescenata sa poremećajem ponašanja. Nađeno je da adolescenti sa poremećajem ponašanja dolaze iz porodica koje karakteriše mnogočlanost, učestali razvodi roditelja i više psihijatrijskih oboljenja kod roditelja.
Ključne reči
||ponašanje
poremećaji
adolescent||
||adolescent
family||
||porodica
risk factors||
||faktori rizika
socioeconomic factors||
||socioekonomski faktori
questionnaires||
||upitnici
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