Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Disanje na nos ima važnu ulogu u celokupnom telesnom rastu i psihičkom razvoju, pa i u rastu kraniofacijalnog kompleksa. Kod dece koja dišu na usta u dugom vremenskom periodu može se promeniti položaj glave u odnosu na vratnu kičmu, kao i odnos vilica. Može se javiti otvoren zagrižaj i uskost maksilarnog zubnog luka zbog povećanog pritiska zategnutih obraza. Cilj ove studije bio je da se analizira položaj glave i kraniofacijalna morfologija dece koja dišu na usta i dobijene vrednosti uporede sa vrednostima istih parametara kod dece koja dišu na nos. Metode. Analizirani su profilni telerendgen snimci kod ukupno 60 pacijenata koji su imali različite ortodontske probleme. U prvoj grupi je bilo 30 pacijenata starosti 8–14 godina, kod kojih je kliničkim pregledom utvrđeno disanje na usta. U drugoj grupi je bilo 30 pacijenata iste starosti koji su imali ortodontske probleme, ali nisu pokazivali kliničke znake disanja na usta. Analizirani su: kraniocervikalni ugao (NS/OPT), dužina prednje kranijalne baze (NS), prednja visina lica (N–Me), zadnja visina lica (S–Go), ugao maksilarnog prognatizma (SNA), ugao mandibularnog prognatizma (SNB), razlika između uglova SNA i SNB (ugao ANB), ugao osnovnih ravni vilica (SpP/MP), ugao baze lobanje (NSBa) i ugao konveksiteta lica (NA/Apg). Rezultati. Prosečna vrednost kraniocervikalnog ugla- (NS/OPT) bila je značajno veća kod dece koja dišu na usta (p = 0,004). Ustanovljena je značajna razlika u vrednosti uglova ( SNA ) (p < 0,001), ANB (p < 0,001), NA/Apg (p < 0,001 ), kao i dužine prednje kranijalne baze (p = 0,024) između ispitivanih grupa. Zaključak. Deca koja dišu na usta imaju izraženiju retrofleksiju glave u odnosu na vratnu kičmu u poređenju sa decom koja dišu na nos, a najupadljivija karakteristika njihove kraniofacijalne morfologije jeste skeletni odnos vilica II klase i povećan konveksitet lica
Ključne reči
||disanje na usta
craniofacial abnormalities||
||kraniofacijalne anomalije
child||
||deca
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