Epidemic typhus in the Lithuanian army from 1919 to 1923
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How to Cite

1.
Šimkutė V, Gudienė V. Epidemic typhus in the Lithuanian army from 1919 to 1923. Vojnosanit Pregl [Internet]. 2022 Jul. 12 [cited 2026 Sep. 20];79(6). Available from: https://test.aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/vsp/article/view/29372

Keywords

disinfection
history, 20th century
history of medicine
lithuania
military personnel
typhus, epidemic louse-borne
DOI: 10.2298/VSP201114139S

References

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